This study aims to develop text learning materials to write complex procedures with learning discovery learning model using audio visual media (video). The research form used is research and development method (R&D). The design used in the research and development of this teaching material adopted from Borg and Gall design model. This development research was conducted in SMA. The result of validation of this teaching material proved to be valid with the average of validation of content (material) 82% said valid, validation of 100% validity of the linguist, and the validation result of the media expert on the 93% video assessment stated very valid and on the handbook rating 84% students stated very valid. The results of the class XI test of SMA showed 86% stated very valid. From the result of data analysis through t-test formula yield Thitung (13,68)> ttabel (1,703), so there is cognitive difference between before and after student use instructional material developed in book with learning discovery learning modeling using audio-visual media with material text of complex class XI procedures. Then the results of the development that has been done to improve student learning outcomes.

Teachers as curriculum implementers face various obstacles in its implementation. This study reports on teachers' views on the implementation of curriculum policies 2013 (K-13), the obstacles encountered, and efforts to overcoming and managing obstacles. The number of participants is ten teachers who have implemented K-13. Data were collected through the group, individual interviews and questionnaires. Data were analysed using a percentage model, Likert scale measurement. The study results: the teacher's view of the implementation of the K-13 policy was classified as bad. Most of the teachers have difficulty implementing K-13. The obstacles faced are that the teacher has difficulty determining learning media, applying project-based learning methods, lack of infrastructure, and learning assessment difficulties. Recommendations for future improvements: need continuous training, adequate infrastructure, activate subject teacher deliberations, monitoring and evaluation.   Keywords: 2013 curriculum policy, implementation 2013 curriculum policy, manage obstacles, teachers' opinions.

This study aims to develop thematic teaching materials based on interactive multimedia to improve students' listening skills. This study used the research and development model of Borg and Gall (1983). The multimedia-based thematic teaching materials developed were validated by linguists, media experts and graphic experts. The stages of testing teaching materials consist of small group trials and field trials. The validation of material experts was 87.5%; the results of the validation of linguists were 82.5%; the results of the validation of graphic experts were 87.5%. Based on data and student response questionnaires, learning multimedia-based teaching materials can attract students' interest. Student learning outcomes show a positive status. Thus, the product that can be developed is useful in the learning of fourth-grade elementary school students.

The purposes of this research are to describe story facts, personality structure of female lead character, and the factor behind personality changes of female lead character in the novel Alisya by Muhammad Makhdlori. This research is a descriptive qualitative research with psychology of literature studies. This research use objective approach. The data source of this research is from the novel Alisya by Muhammad Makhdlori. The data collection techniques are reading and noting. The data analysis technique used qualitative analysis that consists of three ways, those are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusion. The results of this research showed some findings, firstly, story fact in the novel Alisya consists of plot, characterization, and setting. The plot in this novel is forward. The characters in this novel are having roles as main character and additional character. Settings of place in this novel are in Batam, Jakarta and Singapore. Settings of time happen before Alisya became a bitch, after Alisya became a bitch, when Alisya infected HIV’s virus and the last when Alisya stop became a bitch. Social setting in this novel is society’s point of view of HIV’s victim. Secondly, the stimulus of id in Alisya portrayed when Alisya want to flee from poverty, want to become a famous model, want to take a break, want to die, and want to eat. The responds of ego showed when Alisya decided to achieve an offer to take naked photo in magazine and when she decided to achieve Sandy’s invitation to go to the party that held in Singapore. The superego responds showed when Alisya counterbalances whether to achieve the offer to take naked photo or not. Thirdly, from the analysis of Alisya’s personality the researcher fond some factors of Alisya’s personality changes, those are; physical factor, social factor, and the factor from her own self.Keywords: female lead character, personality, Alisya novel

This study aims to determine the influence of the principal's supervisory competence and school culture on Teachers Performance of Public High School in Kutai Kartanegara Regency. The sample of this study amounted to 118 teachers. Data collection techniques used survey method with data analysis using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Data analysis descriptively obtained the average score of principal supervision competence 163,73, the average score of school culture 161,81; and the average teacher performance score of 169.99 in which the three variables fall into the medium category. The result of inferential analysis using multiple linear regression with 5% significant level shows improvement of one unit of principal supervision competence can cause teacher performance improvement equal to 0,14 unit value at constant 89,39 and one school culture unit can cause teacher performance improvement equal to 0,36 at constant 89.39. The conclusions of this study indicate that there is an influence between the principal's supervision competence and school culture on teacher performance. In other words, the higher the supervisory competence of the school principal and the school culture shows the better the performance of the teacher