The purposes of this research are to describe story facts, personality structure of female lead character, and the factor behind personality changes of female lead character in the novel Alisya by Muhammad Makhdlori. This research is a descriptive qualitative research with psychology of literature studies. This research use objective approach. The data source of this research is from the novel Alisya by Muhammad Makhdlori. The data collection techniques are reading and noting. The data analysis technique used qualitative analysis that consists of three ways, those are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusion. The results of this research showed some findings, firstly, story fact in the novel Alisya consists of plot, characterization, and setting. The plot in this novel is forward. The characters in this novel are having roles as main character and additional character. Settings of place in this novel are in Batam, Jakarta and Singapore. Settings of time happen before Alisya became a bitch, after Alisya became a bitch, when Alisya infected HIV’s virus and the last when Alisya stop became a bitch. Social setting in this novel is society’s point of view of HIV’s victim. Secondly, the stimulus of id in Alisya portrayed when Alisya want to flee from poverty, want to become a famous model, want to take a break, want to die, and want to eat. The responds of ego showed when Alisya decided to achieve an offer to take naked photo in magazine and when she decided to achieve Sandy’s invitation to go to the party that held in Singapore. The superego responds showed when Alisya counterbalances whether to achieve the offer to take naked photo or not. Thirdly, from the analysis of Alisya’s personality the researcher fond some factors of Alisya’s personality changes, those are; physical factor, social factor, and the factor from her own self.Keywords: female lead character, personality, Alisya novel

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kehidupan calabai dan bissu, serta pandangan masyarakatnya yang tergambar dalam novel Calabai karya Pepi Al-Bayqunie. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Analisis data dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan, yaitu tahap klasifikasi data, analisis data, dan penyimpulan hasil analisis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa calabai dan bissu merupakan variasi gender selain laki-laki dan perempuan dalam kebudayaan Bugis sebagaimana tergambar dalam novel Calabai karya Pepi Al-Bayqunie. Calabai yang digambarkan pengarang dalam novel merupakan calabai yang memiliki keistimewaan dan akhirnya ia menjadi seorang bissu. Dalam kaitannya keberadaan calabai dan bissu yang tergambar dalam novel, ternyata ada penolakan dari kelompok yang menganggap dua variasi gender ini tidak sesuai dengan kodrat manusia. Keberadaan calabai merupakan sebuah masalah karena bertentangan dengan konstruksi sosial yang sudah ada di masyarakat. Namun, berbeda dengan calabai, keberadaan bissu dianggap lebih terhormat karena berperan penting dalam kebudayaan Bugis. ABSTRACTThis study aims to describe the life of calabai and bissu, as well as the views of the people depicted in the Calabai novel by Pepi Al-Bayqunie. This research is library research with a qualitative approach. Data analysis was carried out through several stages, namely the data classification stage, data analysis, and the conclusion of the analysis results. The results of this study indicate that calabai and bissu are gender variations other than men and women in Bugis culture as illustrated in the Calabai novel by Pepi Al-Bayqunie. Calabai who was described by the author in the novel was a Calabai who had privileges and finally he became a bissu. In relation to the existence of calabai and bissu as illustrated in the novel,

This study aims to reveal the social behavior and the factors that influence the social behavior of the main character in Pengakuan Pariyem novel by Linus Suryadi. To achieve these goals, this study used social psychology theory and interpersonal theory (FIRO—Fundamental Interpersonal Relation-Orientation) popularized by William C. Schultz. This research is a qualitative research and descriptive method with psychology of literature studies. The results showed that when viewed from the type of inclusion, Pariyem was a figure who had social behavior. Social behavior found in Pariyem arises from his social interaction with several figures.

The COVID-19 pandemic forced schools to change their offline learning model to online. Teachers can use many platforms for online learning, such as Google Classroom. This study aims to reveal the use of google classroom in online learning of Indonesian subjects at schools during the pandemic. A literature study is used in this research. Data is collected from various sources, such as journal articles, proceedings, books, and online news. The results of the analysis show that in learning Indonesian during a pandemic, Google Classroom is used by teachers as an online learning medium because it is easy for students to access. Using Google Classroom effectively increases student understanding and can increase student activity in learning.

Novel Pacarku Wanita Kuyang mengangkat mitos kuyang dari Kalimantan. Novel ini menceritakan kehidupan tragis Era (tokoh utama) yang harus mewarisi ilmu hitam (kuyang) dari neneknya. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan teori pandangan dunia tragis yang dikemukakan Lucien Goldmann. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pandangan dunia tragis dalam novel Pacarku Wanita Kuyang karya Dewi Nina Kirana. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif untuk mendeskripsikan secara sistematis pandangan dunia tragis yang terdapat dalam objek penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pandangan dunia tragis ditunjukkan dengan ketidakhadiran Tuhan untuk menolong Era (tokoh utama) ketika menerima warisan ilmu kuyang yang tidak diinginkannya. Era merahasiakan keadaannya tersebut dari orang-orang di sekitarnya karena ia tidak ingin mereka kecewa. Namun ketika kehidupannya sebagai wanita kuyang telah diketahui, hal itu membuat orang-orang yang dulu menyayanginya berubah menjadi membenci dan menjauhinya karena tidak ingin menerima keadaannya sebagai wanita penganut ilmu kuyang, bahkan oleh keluarganya sendiri.