Representation of canopy snow interception, unloading and melt in a parsimonious snowmelt model

Mahat, Vinod; Tarboton, David G.

doi:10.1002/hyp.10116

Cited by 52 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Tarboton and Luce (1996) assume neutral stability in the UEB model (Hellstrom, 2000). At every time step, the snow surface temperature is computed based on an energy balance between surface forcing and the snow surface capacity to conduct heat into or out of the snowpack (Mahat and Tarboton, 2013). Then snow surface temperature is applied to compute internal energy of the snowpack which in turn regulate snowmelt outflow.…”

Section: The Ueb Snow Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model considers liquid water content to onset snowmelt. Since its development, the model has been tested and verified at different sites with additional efforts to enhance the model performance (Luce and Tarboton, 2001;You, 2004;Luce and Tarboton, 2010;Mahat and Tarboton, 2013). A detailed discussion of the UEB model can be found in Tarboton et al (1994Tarboton et al ( , 1995, Tarboton and Luce (1996), and Luce and Tarboton (2001), while a brief discussion of the model's physical processes pertinent to this paper is given below.…”

Section: The Ueb Snow Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating the Utah Energy Balance (UEB) snow model in the Noah land-surface model

Sultana

Hsu

et al. 2014

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Noah (version 2.7.1), the community landsurface model (LSM) of National Centers for Environmental Predictions-National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP-NCAR), which is widely used to describe the landsurface processes either in stand-alone or in coupled landatmospheric model systems, is recognized to underestimate snow-water equivalent (SWE). Noah's SWE bias can be attributed to its simple snow sub-model, which does not effectively describe the physical processes during snow accumulation and melt period. To improve SWE simulation in the Noah LSM, the Utah Energy Balance (UEB) snow model is implemented in Noah to test alternate snow surface temperature and snowmelt outflow schemes. Snow surface temperature was estimated using the force-restore method and snowmelt event is regulated by accounting for the internal energy of the snowpack. The modified Noah's SWE simulations are compared with the SWE observed at California's NRCS SNOTEL stations for 7 water years: 2002-2008, while the model's snow surface temperature is verified with observed surface-temperature data at an observation site in Utah. The experiments show that modification in Noah's snow process substantially reduced SWE estimation bias while keeping the simplicity of the Noah LSM. The results suggest that the model did not benefit from the alternate temperature representation but primary improvement can be attributed to the substituted snowmelt process.

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Section: The Ueb Snow Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Ueb Snow Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Utah Energy Balance (UEB) snow model in the Noah land-surface model

Sultana

Hsu

et al. 2014

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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show abstract

“…1993;Sicart et al 2006). Forest canopy not only influences the snow interception and accumulation (Mahat and Tarboton 2013a), but also strongly influences the radiation and turbulence fluxes on the snow surface beneath forest canopies (Mahat and Tarboton 2012;Mahat et al 2013b). Shortwave radiation is decreased by forest canopies through absorption and reflection (Wilson and Petzold 1973;Pomeroy and Dion 1996;Hardy et al 1997;Gryning 2001;Hardy et al 2004;Link et al 2004;Ellis and Pomeroy 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations and modeling of incoming longwave radiation to snow beneath forest canopies in the west Tianshan Mountains, China

Wang

Liu

et al. 2014

J. Mt. Sci.

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Forest canopy reduces shortwave radiation and increases the incoming longwave radiation to snowpacks beneath forest canopies. Furthermore, the effect of forest canopy may be changed by complex topography. In this paper, we measured and simulated the incoming longwave radiation to snow beneath forest at different canopy openness in the west Tianshan Mountains, China (43°16'N, 84°24'E) during spring 2013. A sensitivity study was conducted to explore the way that terrain influenced the incoming longwave radiation to snow beneath forest canopies. In the simulation model, measurement datasets, including air temperature, incoming shortwave radiation above canopy, and longwave radiation enhanced by adjacent terrain, were applied to calculate the incoming longwave radiation to snow beneath forest canopy. The simulation results were consistent with the measurements on hourly scale and daily scale. The effect of longwave radiation enhanced by terrain was important than that of shortwave radiation above forest canopy with different openness except the 20% canopy openness. The longwave radiation enhanced due to adjacent terrain increases with the slope increase and temperature rise. When air temperature (or slope) is relatively low, the longwave radiation enhanced by adjacent terrain is not sensitive to slope (or air temperature), but the sensitivity increases with the decrease of snow cover area on sunny slope. The effect of longwave radiation is especially sensitive when the snow cover on sunny slope melts completely. The effect of incoming shortwave radiation reflected by adjacent terrain on incoming longwave radiation to snow beneath forest canopies is more slight than that of the enhanced longwave radiation.

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“…To enhance the capability of UEB to quantify snow processes in a forest covered area, Mahat and Tarboton (2012) developed a two-stream radiation transfer process that explicitly accounts for canopy scattering, absorption, and refection. They also added the capability to represent turbulent exchanges within and above a forest canopy (Mahat et al, 2013) and to represent snow interception (Mahat and Tarboton, 2014). The most recent version of UEB with forest canopy additions has four state variables: surface snow water equivalent, W S (m); surface snow and substrate energy content, U S (kJ m À2 ); the dimensionless age of the snow surface; and the snow water equivalent of canopy intercepted snow, W C (m).…”

Section: Utah Energy Balance Snowmelt Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of an energy balance snowmelt model into an open source modeling framework

Gupta¹,

Tarboton²,

Hummel³

et al. 2015

Environmental Modelling & Software

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a b s t r a c tThis paper presents a data model for organizing the inputs and outputs of an energy balance snowmelt model (the Utah Energy Balance Model, UEB) that provides a foundation for its integration into the EPA BASINS modeling framework and enables its coupling with other hydrologic models in this system. Having UEB as a BASINS component has facilitated its coupling with the Geospatial Streamflow Forecast Model (GeoSFM) to compute the melting of glaciers and subsequent streamflow in the Himalayas. The data model uses a combination of structured text and network Common Data Form (netCDF) files to represent parameters, geographical, time series, and gridded space-time data. We describe the design and structure of this data model, integration methodology of UEB and GeoSFM and illustrate the effectiveness of the resulting coupled models for the computation of surface water input and streamflow for a glaciated watershed in Nepal Himalayas.

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Representation of canopy snow interception, unloading and melt in a parsimonious snowmelt model

Cited by 52 publications

References 39 publications

Evaluating the Utah Energy Balance (UEB) snow model in the Noah land-surface model

Evaluating the Utah Energy Balance (UEB) snow model in the Noah land-surface model

Observations and modeling of incoming longwave radiation to snow beneath forest canopies in the west Tianshan Mountains, China

Integration of an energy balance snowmelt model into an open source modeling framework

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