Reprint of: Mapping connectivity in the developing brain

Dennis, Emily; Thompson, Paul M.

doi:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2013.11.005

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 182 publications

(217 reference statements)

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“…These are preliminary results that require confirmation from large longitudinal studies (see Section 2). While the number of connectomic studies focusing on a range of neurodevelopmental disorders has increased exponentially in the past 10 years (Castellanos et al, 2013; Dennis and Thompson, 2014; Fox and Greicius, 2010; Uddin et al, 2010), only a handful have explicitly investigated age-related effects (i.e., age by diagnostic group interactions; see Figure 2). …”

Section: Section 1: Developmental Miswiring: Emerging Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Miswired Connectome: A Developmental Perspective

Martino

Fair

Kelly

et al. 2014

Neuron

319

307

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Summary The vast majority of mental illnesses can be conceptualized as developmental disorders of neural interactions within the connectome, or developmental miswiring. The recent maturation of pediatric in vivo brain imaging is bringing within reach the identification of clinically meaningful brain-based biomarkers of developmental disorders. Even more auspicious, is the ability to study the evolving connectome throughout life, beginning in utero, which promises to move the field from topological phenomenology to etiological nosology. Here, we scope advances in pediatric imaging of the brain connectome as the field faces the challenge of unraveling developmental miswiring. We highlight promises while also providing a pragmatic review of the many obstacles ahead that must be overcome to significantly impact public health.

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Section: Section 1: Developmental Miswiring: Emerging Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Miswired Connectome: A Developmental Perspective

Martino

Fair

Kelly

et al. 2014

Neuron

319

307

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Head movement is a particular problem when studying awake children, especially those below the age of seven, as indicated by the fact that the “developmental” curves or trajectories we currently have describing FC in awake participants start at age seven (Dosenbach et al, 2010, Vogel et al, 2010, Alexander-Bloch et al, 2013, Dennis and Thompson, 2014). Movement is also problematic when studying individuals with psychiatric or neurological disorders who find staying still in the absence of a formal task to be a challenging task in and of itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inscapes : A movie paradigm to improve compliance in functional magnetic resonance imaging

et al. 2015

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The examination of functional connectivity in fMRI data collected during task-free “rest” has provided a powerful tool for studying functional brain organization. Limitations of this approach include susceptibility to head motion artifacts and participant drowsiness or sleep. These issues are especially relevant when studying young children or clinical populations. Here we introduce a movie paradigm, Inscapes, that features abstract shapes without a narrative or scene-cuts. The movie was designed to provide enough stimulation to improve compliance related to motion and wakefulness while minimizing cognitive load during the collection of functional imaging data. We compare Inscapes to eyes-open rest and to age-appropriate movie clips in healthy adults (Ocean's Eleven, n = 22) and a pilot sample of typically developing children ages 3-7 (Fantasia, n = 13). Head motion was significantly lower during both movies relative to rest for both groups. In adults, movies decreased the number of participants who self-reported sleep. Intersubject correlations, used to quantify synchronized, task-evoked activity across movie and rest conditions in adults, involved less cortex during Inscapes than Ocean's Eleven. To evaluate the effect of movie-watching on intrinsic functional connectivity networks, we examined mean functional connectivity using both whole-brain functional parcellation and network-based approaches. Both inter- and intra-network metrics were more similar between Inscapes and Rest than between Ocean's Eleven and Rest, particularly in comparisons involving the default network. When comparing movies to Rest, the mean functional connectivity of somatomotor, visual and ventral attention networks differed significantly across various analyses. We conclude that low-demand movies like Inscapes may represent a useful intermediate condition between task-free rest and typical narrative movies while still improving participant compliance. Inscapes is publicly available for download at headspacestudios.org/inscapes.

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“…The organization of brain networks evolves over childhood and adolescence from a local architecture to a more integrated topology that facilitates higher-level cognitive functions (Collin and van den Heuvel, 2013; Vertes and Bullmore, 2015). Disruption in the normal pattern of development of structural connectivity can significantly impact neurocognitive outcomes (Dennis and Thompson, 2014). It is therefore important to understand the potential effects of early-onset T1D on brain networks in young children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Integration of Structural Covariance Networks in Young Children With Type 1 Diabetes

Hosseini

Mazaika

Mauras

et al. 2016

Human Brain Mapping

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Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), one of the most frequent chronic diseases in children, is associated with glucose dysregulation that contributes to an increased risk for neurocognitive deficits. While there is a bulk of evidence regarding neurocognitive deficits in adults with T1D, little is known about how early-onset T1D affects neural networks in young children. Recent data demonstrated widespread alterations in regional gray matter and white matter associated with T1D in young children. These widespread neuroanatomical changes might impact the organization of large-scale brain networks. In the present study, we applied graph-theoretical analysis to test if the organization of structural covariance networks in the brain for a cohort of young children with T1D (N = 141) is altered compared to healthy controls (HC; N = 69). While the networks in both groups followed a small world organization – an architecture that is simultaneously highly segregated and integrated – the T1D network showed significantly longer path length compared with HC, suggesting reduced global integration of brain networks in young children with T1D. In addition, network robustness analysis revealed that the T1D network model showed more vulnerability to neural insult compared with HC. These results suggest that early-onset T1D negatively impacts the global organization of structural covariance networks and influences the trajectory of brain development in childhood. This is the first study to examine structural covariance networks in young children with T1D. Improving glycemic control for young children with T1D might help prevent alterations in brain networks in this population.

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Reprint of: Mapping connectivity in the developing brain

Cited by 19 publications

References 182 publications

Unraveling the Miswired Connectome: A Developmental Perspective

Unraveling the Miswired Connectome: A Developmental Perspective

Inscapes : A movie paradigm to improve compliance in functional magnetic resonance imaging

Altered Integration of Structural Covariance Networks in Young Children With Type 1 Diabetes

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