Reproductive development in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.): A reanalysis of Oceania datasets

Teixeira, Carmen S. P.; Hampton, J. G.; Moot, Derrick J.

doi:10.1016/j.eja.2020.126123

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…For example, ‘Monti’ sown in December required the shortest time to flowering which contrasted with ‘Denmark’ and ‘Leura’, which did not reach R1 in the field. The seasonality on flowering time was also observed for other subterranean clover cultivars (Teixeira et al, 2020). These results indicate that ‘late’ cultivars would be inappropriate for late spring sowing if seed set is required.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Thermal time (TT, °Cd), was calculated from the hourly recorded air and soil temperatures (Jones & Kiniry, 1986) using a broken‐stick threshold model (Andreucci, Black, & Moot, 2012; Parmoon, Moosavi, Akbari, & Ebadi, 2015; Teixeira et al, 2020). The values considered for base ( T b = 0°C), optimum ( T optsup = 18°C; T optsub = 22°C) and maximum ( T max = 36°C) temperatures were from previous results with winter annual species (Lonati et al, 2009; Monks, SadatAsilan, & Moot, 2009; Moot, Scott, Roy, & Nicholls, 2000; Teixeira, Hampton, & Moot, 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to create a practical phenological scale for different subterranean cultivars (from the three subspecies) and to quantify key vegetative and reproductive development phases for cultivars previously classified as mid and late flowering using the phenological scale (Nichols et al, 2013; Teixeira, Hampton, & Moot, 2020) with emphasis on relevant phenophases from a pastoral management perspective (Ates, Lucas, & Edwards, 2013). To do this, six cultivars were sown on eight dates over 12 months to create a range of abiotic conditions (Hay & Kirby, 1991; Nori et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phenological development of subterranean clover cultivars under contrasting environments

Teixeira

Hampton

Moot

2021

Annals of Applied Biology

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Six subterranean clover cultivars (representing early and late flowering genotypes from three subspecies) were used to describe and quantify their phenological development. The vegetative (V) and reproductive (R) development phases, in response to different environments created by eight sowing dates were quantified. The period from sowing to emergence was constant in thermal time at 110°Cd and the first trifoliate appeared at ~300°Cd. Crops sown in autumn had the longest period from runner initiation until floral bud initiation (R1), which would allow an extended period of grazing, particularly for later flowering cultivars like ‘Denmark’. To maximise seed set (particularly in year 1) a maximum period between R3 and R11 is required (seed set window). This ranged from 319 ± 42.3°Cd for ‘Leura’ to 661 ± 73.1°Cd for ‘Narrikup’. The complete crop life cycle from sowing (V0) to maturity (R11) ranged from 1269 ± 31°Cd (equivalent of 123 ± 6.3 days) for ‘Antas’ sown in July to 2799 ± 47°Cd (300 ± 3.9 days) for ‘Woogenellup’. When sowing occurred in an increasing photoperiod (June–November) the life cycle of all cultivars was 59% shorter than when sown in a decreasing photoperiod. The numeric scale was able to describe all the variation in the phenological phases and could be used to quantify thermal time requirements for specific phenophases. This would allow subterranean clover management to be optimised (husbandry, grazing and seed harvest) at a local level, and provides the basic parameters for inclusion in annual pasture simulation models.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phenological development of subterranean clover cultivars under contrasting environments

Teixeira

Hampton

Moot

2021

Annals of Applied Biology

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“…However, it remains a minor legume despite its obvious benefits in summer dry east coast regions (Costello and Costello 2003;Grigg et al 2008) and extensive efforts to detail the key management periods to encourage its survival on-farm (Olykan et al 2019). Much recent subterranean clover research in New Zealand has focussed on determining whether ratings for flowering dates, hardseededness (Teixeira et al 2020a) and other traits documented from Australian breeding programmes, are consistent in temperate New Zealand (G × E). A meta-analysis of subterranean clover flowering dates showed that cultivars could be grouped into either 'early' or 'late' genotypes.…”

Section: Subterranean (Sub) Clovermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2019). Much recent subterranean clover research in New Zealand has focussed on determining whether ratings for flowering dates, hardseededness (Teixeira et al . 2020 a ) and other traits documented from Australian breeding programmes, are consistent in temperate New Zealand (G × E).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of legume research and extension in New Zealand (1990–2022)

Moot

2022

Crop & Pasture Science

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Legumes have underpinned transformational change on New Zealand sheep and beef farms over the last 30 years. This was through an emphasis on ewe nutrition based on lucerne or red clover dominant pastures, and increased use of subterranean and white clovers on uncultivatable hill country. Pre- and post-weaning lamb growth rates have increased, and enabled earlier slaughter of heavier lambs. The farm systems results include greater numbers of hoggets mated, higher lambing percentages and greater ewe efficiency (kg lamb weaned/kg ewe mated). Extension packages to support legume use have compared growth rates of resident and legume-based pastures, economic analyses of successful farms and management packages for the most appropriate legume in different environments. Over the same period, the dairy industry rapidly expanded in cow numbers and area onto flat irrigated land on the Canterbury Plains. The nitrogen deficiency of perennial ryegrass was overcome by a linear increase in nitrogen fertiliser use. Environmental concerns from this intensification has led to a legislated nitrogen cap of 190 kg/ha.year. This, coupled with a recent trebling in urea price, has returned attention to increasing the white clover content of these pastures. Nitrogen applications can be minimised by using diverse pastures sown with a legume, herb and <8 kg/ha of perennial ryegrass. Work on other legumes, including annuals and those with condensed tannins, has to date failed to increase their use in most pastoral settings, with the exception of the perennial lupin which is adapted to high-aluminium soils in the South Island High Country.

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Estimation of time to key phenological stages to guide management of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) in New Zealand

Guo

Teixeira

Barringer

et al. 2022

European Journal of Agronomy

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Reproductive development in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.): A reanalysis of Oceania datasets

Cited by 6 publications

References 41 publications

Phenological development of subterranean clover cultivars under contrasting environments

Phenological development of subterranean clover cultivars under contrasting environments

A review of legume research and extension in New Zealand (1990–2022)

Estimation of time to key phenological stages to guide management of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) in New Zealand

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