Reproductive parameters of the Sunda pangolin,<i>Manis javanica</i>

Zhang, Fuhua; Wu, Shibao; Yang, Li; Zhang, Li; Sun, Rong; Li, Shaoshan

doi:10.25225/fozo.v64.i2.a6.2015

Cited by 22 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, Chin et al (2011) also reported the gestation length of three Chinese pangolins (A, B, and C) to be 317–321d, > 318 d, and >372 d, respectively (Table 2), all of which were over 300d, the results have large differences from that of the others. The gestation lengths of the Indian pangolin ( Manis crassicaudata Gray, 1827), Sunda pangolin, and Cape pangolin ( Manis temminckii Smuts, 1832) were about 165d, 180d, and 139d, respectively (Panda et al 2010, Zhang et al 2015, Van Ee 1966), all of which were less than 300d. Wang et al (1984) reported the gestation length of ninety-seven species of mammals which belonging to thirteen orders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Housing details for the two Chinese pangolins were the same as housing the Sunda pangolin at PRB-SCNU that have been described by Zhang et al (2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There, studies on rescuing and keeping pangolins in captivity were conducted. From then until now, one Chinese pangolin and eight Sunda pangolins ( Manis javanica Desmarest, 1822) have conceived and given birth to offspring in captivity (Zhang et al 2015). The information on captive breeding of the Chinese pangolin reported in this paper is intended to enrich the reproductive knowledge and the direct observations of the reproductive parameters of this species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A note on captive breeding and reproductive parameters of the Chinese pangolin, Manis pentadactyla Linnaeus, 1758

Zhang

Zou

et al. 2016

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The Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla Linnaeus, 1758) is a critically endangered species, and documents on its captive breeding and reproductive parameters are scarce. MP8, kept in the Pangolin Research Base for Artificial Rescue and Conservation Breeding of South China Normal University (the PRB-SCNU), gave birth to a male offspring (MP86) on 19 October 2011. The baby pangolin was well developed, with a weight of 120 g and a total length of 23.2 cm. The gestation length of MP8 was estimated to be from 182 to 225d. Reproductive parameters of the Chinese pangolin are discussed based on collected data about this species. The Chinese pangolin has an obvious reproductive seasonality and its gestation length is typically six to seven months. In this observation, estrus and mating principally occurred in a one-year period from February to July. Parturition principally took place from September to February of the next year. Chinese pangolins usually give birth to one offspring at a time (n = 27). Sex ratio at birth was 0.71:1 (♀:♂, n = 12). Average weight for the reproducible females was 3.57 ± 1.38 kg (2.14–6.8 kg, n = 15). We estimated that Chinese pangolins could reach sexual maturity before they were one year old.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Housing details for the two Chinese pangolins were the same as housing the Sunda pangolin at PRB-SCNU that have been described by Zhang et al (2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A note on captive breeding and reproductive parameters of the Chinese pangolin, Manis pentadactyla Linnaeus, 1758

Zhang

Zou

et al. 2016

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“…On the other hand, the removal percentage of 4-chlorophenol increased with the increase in BXT-HDTMA dosage. This increase can be explained due to the abundance of free adsorbent sites and the high concentration gradient between the solution and the solid adsorbent 23 . In addition, the increase in removal percentage (96%) can also be ascribed to the high surface area of the BXT-HDTMA due to the increase in interparticle space for BXT-HDTMA, which increases the removal capacity of adsorbent surface 24 .…”

Section: Adsorbent Dosage Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in surfactant can also result in a decrease in the removal percentage of 4-CP 30,23 . At low pH, 4-CP presents the neutral form, which shows higher adsorption affinity onto BXT and BXT-HDTMA than the anionic, because the organic phase acts as an efficient partition medium for the uptake of neutral 4-CP at acidic conditions 31 .…”

Section: Influence Of Ionic Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of 4-Chlorophenol from Aqueous Solution Onto Iraqi Bauxite and Surfactant–Modified Iraqi Bauxite: Equilibrium, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies

Al-Kazragi¹,

Al-Heetimi²,

Himdan³

2017

Orient. J. Chem

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Natural Bauxite (BXT) mineral clay was modified with a cationic surfactant (hexadecy ltrimethy lammonium bromide (BXT-HDTMA)) and characterized with different techniques: FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The modified and natural bauxite (BXT) were used as adsorbents for the adsorption of 4-Chlorophenol (4-CP) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption study was carried out at different conditions and parameters: contact time, pH value, adsorbent dosage and ionic strength. The adsorption kinetic (described by a pseudo-first order and a pseudo-second order), equilibrium experimental data (analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models) and thermodynamic parameters (change in standard free energy) (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°), and standard entropy (ΔS°)) were investigated and determined. Beside the advantages and properties of BXT-HDTMA (effective and low-cost adsorbent), the adsorption study revealed that the modification of natural bauxite (BXT) with hexadecy ltrimethy lammonium bromide has enhanced its adsorption capacity (eight to ten times greater comparison with the natural Bauxite).

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Body temperatures of Manis pentadactyla and Manis javanica

Wang

et al. 2021

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Body temperature is an important parameter for assessing animal health and physiological function. An iButton thermometer was used to measure the body temperatures of three Chinese pangolins (Manis pentadacyla) and three Sunda pangolins (M. javanica).The body temperature of Chinese pangolins was 33.2 ± 0.95 • C (30.6-34.2 • C, n = 3) and that of Sunda pangolins was 32.8 ± 0.48 • C (31.7-34.2 • C, n = 3). The daily variation in body temperature was 1.0-2.9 • C in three Chinese pangolins and 1.2-1.9 • C in three Sunda pangolins. The body temperature of Sunda pangolins tended to rise at night, with the highest body temperatures occurring mostly at night. This study provides valuable body temperature data for Chinese and Sunda pangolins and lays the foundation for future research on their mechanisms of body temperature regulation.

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Reproductive parameters of the Sunda pangolin,Manis javanica

Cited by 22 publications

References 14 publications

A note on captive breeding and reproductive parameters of the Chinese pangolin, Manis pentadactyla Linnaeus, 1758

A note on captive breeding and reproductive parameters of the Chinese pangolin, Manis pentadactyla Linnaeus, 1758

Adsorption of 4-Chlorophenol from Aqueous Solution Onto Iraqi Bauxite and Surfactant–Modified Iraqi Bauxite: Equilibrium, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies

Body temperatures of Manis pentadactyla and Manis javanica

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