Reproductive senescence and terminal investment in female Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus) at Salem

Paul, Andreas; Kuester, Jutta; Podzuweit, Doris

doi:10.1007/bf02196506

Cited by 71 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…A key goal of life history theory is to explain how age and parity affect the reproduction of iteroparous organisms (Charlesworth, 1980;Stearns, 1992). Age-related patterns have been observed in pregnancy rates (Marsh and Kasuya, 1986), birth rates (Packer et al, 1998;Nishida et al, 2003), interbirth intervals (IBI) (Paul et al, 1993), the size and number of offspring (Mysterud et al, 2002;Broussard et al, 2003), maternal behaviors (Timmermans and Vossen, 1996;Cameron et al, 2000), and offspring survival frequencies (Ericsson et al, 2001). Agerelated patterns may reflect changes in the level of maternal investment, maternal experience, and the physical condition of the mother.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related patterns of reproductive success among female mountain gorillas

Robbins

Gerald-Steklis

et al. 2006

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

101

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A key goal of life history theory is to explain the effects of age and parity on the reproductive success of iteroparous organisms. Age-related patterns may be influenced by changes in maternal experience or physical condition, and they may reflect maternal investment trade-offs between current versus future reproduction. This article examines the influences of age and parity upon the interbirth intervals (IBI), offspring survival, and birth rates of 66 female mountain gorillas in the Virunga Volcano region from 1967-2004. Fertility was relatively low for females below age 12; improved as they matured; and then declined as they aged further. Primiparous mothers had 50% higher offspring mortality and 20% longer IBI than second-time mothers, though only the difference with IBI was statistically significant. The length of subsequent IBI was positively correlated with birth order but not with the mother's age. Mountain gorillas showed no evidence of an extended postreproductive lifespan. Age-related patterns seem most likely to reflect changes in the physical condition of the mother, but more detailed studies are needed to quantify those physical differences, and to obtain behavioral evidence that would provide more direct measures of maternal investment and experience.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related patterns of reproductive success among female mountain gorillas

Robbins

Gerald-Steklis

et al. 2006

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

101

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“…Many of these more recent studies contribute further competing claims for (e.g., Paul et al, 1993) and against (e.g., Johnson and Kapsalis, 1998) the existence of an adaptive termination of reproduction in nonhuman primates. The investigation of an evolved postreproductive life span in primates other than humans has been complicated by at least three methodological and conceptual issues.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Often, the time lag between last parturition and death of the mother (LP-D) is treated as postreproductive, when indeed these females may be dying within a normal interbirth interval. Paul et al (1993), for example, appear to regard the time lag between last parturition and death (LP-D) as postreproductive, so that mothers of newborn infants are effectively treated as reproductively terminated, simply because they died before having another infant. Nishida et al (1990) reported median postreproductive periods for the Mahale chimpanzees of 4.2 and 3.6 years as evidence for menopause, but also reported a mean interbirth interval for all females at Mahale as 6 years.…”

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confidence: 99%

Reproductive termination in female Japanese monkeys: A comparative life history perspective

Pavelka

Fedigan

1999

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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This study explores the question of reproductive termination (loss of reproductive ability) in female Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) from the Arashiyama West (Texas) troop. We used a large sample of completed lives to identify reproductively terminated female Japanese macaques and to consider reproductive termination in Japanese macaques from a comparative life history perspective, which permits meaningful comparisons to be made with human female menopause. We classified a female as reproductively terminated if the time lag between last parturition and death exceeded two standard deviations of the female's own mean lifetime interbirth interval (Caro et al. [1995] Int. J. Primatol. 16:205-220). Seventy of the 95 females in the sample had at least 3 infants over their lifetime (the minimum required for the calculation of a mean and standard deviation), and thus were included in the analysis. Of these 70 females, 20 showed reproductive termination. Reproductively terminated females ranged in age from 14.5-32.7 years, although in females under age 25, reproductive termination was unlikely. The majority of females up to age 25 showed continued parturition. However, after age 25, reproductive termination was population-wide. Length of postreproductive life for reproductively terminated females varied from 0.07-4.4 years, with a mean of 2.08 years. Variation in length of postreproductive life was not related to the age at death of the female. While the occurrence of population-wide reproductive termination after 25 years does suggest similarities with human female menopause, the age at which this termination occurs is very late in the life span, and it was experienced by only 2.9% of the population. Female Japanese monkeys over age 25 are visibly aged and show outward signs of weakness and deterioration, quite unlike the healthy middle age of menopausal human females. Accordingly, as a life history characteristic, reproductive termination in Japanese macaques does not appear to coincide with menopause as experienced by human females.

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“…Reproductive senescence is broadly seen in primates and discussed from the viewpoint of the evolution of human menopause [Takahata et al, 1995;Caro et al, 1995;Paul et al, 1993]. This study demonstrated that most females died or disappeared before they experienced significant reduced fecundity, suggesting that there is no postreproductive lifespan for this species.…”

Section: Reproductive Senescencementioning

confidence: 71%

“…/000368670 hen, 2004. Reproductive senescence or menopause with age is an important life history trait for understanding the lifetime reproductive strategy of females, particularly in wild populations where some females stop reproducing before death [Paul et al, 1993]. For ring-tailed lemurs, Sussman [1991] and Parga and Lessnau [2005] reported a decline in the fecundity of old females.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifespan and Reproductive Senescence in a Free-Ranging Ring-Tailed Lemur (Lemur catta) Population at Berenty, Madagascar

Ichino¹,

Soma²,

Miyamoto³

et al. 2015

IJFP

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The lifespan and age-specific fecundity of female ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) were estimated from a 24-year longitudinal dataset based on individual identification at Berenty Reserve, Madagascar. The mean lifespan of females in 10-year (1989-1998) birth cohorts was 4.9 ± 4.9 years (n = 77), and the longest recorded lifespan in the population was 20 years. The mortality rate of adult females increased to ≥20% at 10-11 years old and reached 33-50% at 12-15 years old. Although the birth rate of old females (12-17 years old) was 72.0%, slightly lower than that of prime adult females (4-11 years old), i.e. 80.2%, no significant difference was found between them. Half of the females who reached the age of 12 years gave birth in the last year of their life. The oldest mother to give birth was 17 years old. These results suggest that most females can maintain reproductive performance in their later life and that there is no evidence for a postreproductive lifespan in this species.

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Reproductive senescence and terminal investment in female Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus) at Salem

Cited by 71 publications

References 55 publications

Age-related patterns of reproductive success among female mountain gorillas

Age-related patterns of reproductive success among female mountain gorillas

Reproductive termination in female Japanese monkeys: A comparative life history perspective

Lifespan and Reproductive Senescence in a Free-Ranging Ring-Tailed Lemur (Lemur catta) Population at Berenty, Madagascar

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