Reproductive toxicity of Novaluron in Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) and its impact on egg production

Santorum, Marilucia; Gastelbondo, Bertha; Scudeler, Elton Luiz; Santorum, Márcia; Brancalhão, Rose Meire Costa; Santos, Daniela Carvalho dos

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129592

Cited by 3 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…According to the results in this paper and previous reports, azadirachtin or other insecticides that caused degeneration of germ cell cysts (spermatogonia and spermatocytes) revealed the occurrence of many cytoplasmic vacuoles, dilated cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum and apoptotic bodies to be the main symptoms indicative of cell degeneration 14,31,35,38,40 . We verified that not only did the germline cells undergo a degeneration process but also the somatic cells that formed the cyst walls, with the occurrence of vesiculation of the cytoplasm and rupture of its membrane.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Azadirachtin negatively affected the organization, distribution and development of germ cells in S. eridania larvae. The morphology of the testes of the southern armyworm S. eridania is similar to the morphology of the testes found for other lepidopteran species for the larval period 31–35 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…We verified that not only did the germline cells undergo a degeneration process but also the somatic cells that formed the cyst walls, with the occurrence of vesiculation of the cytoplasm and rupture of its membrane. Santorum et al 35 . reported the same cell characteristics in B. mori exposed to novaluron.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…The morphology of the testes of the southern armyworm S. eridania is similar to the morphology of the testes found for other lepidopteran species for the larval period. [31][32][33][34][35] Changes in the testes, such as reduction of cysts, were the most common symptoms found in azadirachtin or other plant-based insecticide expositions. 14,15,31,36 This symptom may be related to blocking or halting cell divisions in germ cells due to cell proliferation inhibition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We showed that the integrity of cysts is affected and is often neglected in the analysis, requiring the use of ultrastructural tools to make this type of diagnosis. According to Santorum et al ., 35 the germ–somatic‐cell relationship is regulated by the somatic cells that surround the developing gametes, and the degeneration of this ‘blood‐testis barrier’ or penetration of the insecticide via this barrier can cause damage to the germ cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Azadirachtin‐based insecticide impairs testis morphology and spermatogenesis of the southern armyworm Spodoptera eridania (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Scudeler

Daquila

Carvalho

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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Background: In the search for alternative tools for integrated pest management, azadirachtin, a botanical insecticide, has been used with the most promising activity against Spodoptera spp., but the mechanism of cytotoxicity on reproductive organs remains unclear. Spodoptera eridania (Stoll, 1782) is a polyphagous pest with great economic importance that has become an important target to elucidate the action of azadirachtin on the reproductive organs of insect pests, helping to understand the deleterious effects caused by its exposure. This study evaluated the effects of chronic exposure to azadirachtin on the morphology and ultrastructure of S. eridania larval testes as well as larval development.Results: Azadirachtin exposure (6 or 18 mg a.i. L −1 ) caused a progressive increase in cumulative mortality and reduced gain in body mass after 5 days. Testicular structure indicated a reduction in their size with internal morphological changes such as spermatogonia, spermatogonial, spermatocytes and spermatid cysts in degeneration. The occurrence of cell death in germ and somatic cells was evidenced by the TUNEL technique. Electron microscopy revealed changes in cystic cells, such as cytoplasmic membrane rupture and cytoplasmic vacuolization. Chromatin compaction, changes in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex cisternae were observed in germ cells. Apoptotic bodies occurred between germ cell cysts.Conclusion: Azadirachtin damaged the testes of S. eridania larvae, and these changes compromised spermatogenesis and consequently the development of the reproductive potential of this specimen, making azadirachtin a promising botanical insecticide for application in integrated pest management programs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Azadirachtin‐based insecticide impairs testis morphology and spermatogenesis of the southern armyworm Spodoptera eridania (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Scudeler

Daquila

Carvalho

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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Efficacy of the insect growth regulator novaluron in the control of dengue vector mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus

Herath,

De Silva,

Weeraratne

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Insect Growth Regulator (IGR) novaluron is an alternative to synthetic neuro-inhibitory insecticides. Present study was designed to assess appropriate dosages of novaluron for dengue vector control. Larvae of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus were exposed to a concentration series of novaluron (Rimon EC10) for two fixed exposure periods of 7-days and 14-days to determined LC50 and LC99 values. Inhibition of adult emergence (IE50 and IE99) was determined by a 14-day exposure. Semi-field experiments were conducted by exposing cohorts of Ae. aegypti larvae to IE99, 2 × IE99 and 10 × IE99 novaluron concentrations in water storage buckets (10 L) and plastic barrels (200 L). For the 7-day exposure, LC50 values were 0.047–0.049 ppm and LC99 were 0.144–0.151 ppm. For 14-day exposure, these values were 0.002–0.005 ppm and 0.006–0.01 ppm respectively. For both species, IE99 was 0.001 ppb under semi-field conditions, and was effective for nearly 2 months. Novaluron concentration 0.01 ppb was effective up to 3 months, with an IE of 89–95%. Authorities should critically review a reduction of the presently recommended field dosage of 200 ppm novaluron by × 100 or more. This would provide the same efficacy but mitigate environmental pollution, development of vector resistance, and financial losses.

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Bivoltine cocoon color sex-limited breeds of Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) show enhanced economic performance and fecundity following spermidine supplementation

Kasa,

Jolapuram,

Lima

et al. 2023

Journal of Economic Entomology

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Sericulture has immense economic significance. Separating male and female silkworm pupae for egg production in grainage is a laborious task; hence, sex-limited breeds for cocoon color are advantageous for this process. The major constraint in sex-limited breeds is their low fecundity. Sex-limited female moths lay a lower number of eggs than nonsex-limited breeds. Polyamine, spermidine was shown to improve fecundity in several organisms, including the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. In the present study, cocoon color sex-limited breeds, HTO2SL, APS27SL, and SLFC27, were selected and fed with spermidine to improve fecundity and nutritional efficiency. The fifth-instar silkworm larvae of the selected breeds were subjected to standard rearing conditions with and without spermidine supplementation up to spinning. The spermidine-supplemented sex-limited breeds exhibited a significant increase in fecundity, nutritional indices, and economic parameters compared with the control sex-limited breeds. Among the 3 sex-limited breeds tested, the performance of APS27SL improved significantly.

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Reproductive toxicity of Novaluron in Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) and its impact on egg production

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Azadirachtin‐based insecticide impairs testis morphology and spermatogenesis of the southern armyworm Spodoptera eridania (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Azadirachtin‐based insecticide impairs testis morphology and spermatogenesis of the southern armyworm Spodoptera eridania (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Efficacy of the insect growth regulator novaluron in the control of dengue vector mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus

Bivoltine cocoon color sex-limited breeds of Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) show enhanced economic performance and fecundity following spermidine supplementation

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