Reproductive Toxicity of Pomegranate Peel Extract Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles: A Multigeneration Study in C. elegans

Abstract

C. elegans is a preferential model for testing environmental toxicity of compounds including nanomaterials. The impact of multigeneration exposure of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the lifespan and fertility of C. elegans is not known and therefore is investigated in this study. We used pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extracts as a reducing agent to synthesize gold nanoparticles (PPE-AuNPs) from chloroauric acid. Nematodes were grown till adult stage and then exposed to 25, 50, and 100 μg/ml of PPE-AuNPs at 20°C for 72 hours and then assessed for lifespan and fertility. The same protocols were followed for subsequent F1, F2, and F3 generations. The results showed that PPE-AuNPs dose-dependently but insignificantly reduced the lifespan of C. elegans. Exposure of PPE-AuNPs significantly and dose-dependently reduced the fertility of C. elegans in terms of the number of eggs produced. The reproductive toxicity of PPE-AuNPs was found to be minimal in parental generation (F0) and maximal in F3 generation. In conclusion, biologically synthesized PPE-AuNPs adversely affect the fertility of C. elegans while the factors responsible for reproductive toxicity are inherited by subsequent generations.

Interplay of Biochemical, Genetic, and Immunohistochemical Factors in the Etio-Pathogenesis of Gastric Ulcer in Rats: A Comparative Study of the Effect of Pomegranate Loaded Nanoparticles Versus Pomegranate Peel Extract

“…This, in turn, restored the cellular redox balance, reinforcing the cellular resistance to various harmful agents ( Al-Quraishy et al, 2017 ; Kandeil et al, 2018 ). A recent study ( Patel et al, 2019 ) explained the antioxidant capacity of PPE to the presence of ellagic acid, where its oxidant scavenging activity was potentiated by anthocyanins phenolic constituents of the extract. Moreover, Hydroxyl and carboxyl groups present in organic compounds of the extract helped them to chelate metal ions and abolish their oxidant damaging effects.…”

Exploitation of cantaloupe peels for bacterial cellulose production and functionalization with green synthesized Copper oxide nanoparticles for diverse biological applications

“…First, the pomegranate fruit was washed to remove extraneous materials, and then the peels and seeds were separated manually. The POP extract was prepared by the method described by Patel et al 139 with minor modifications. Briefly, the fresh POP were cut into small pieces and ground for 10 min at room temperature in a high-speed blender (800ES blender, USA).…”

Pomegranate peel boosts the potential of Manuka honey to protect against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats by enhancing its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms

“…The elevated MDA level associated with indomethacin-induced GU was also unaffected by the PP methanolic extract (Abd el-Rady et al, 2021). Despite PP's high ellagic acid content(Patel et al, 2019), it could be suggested that according to their slight water solubility, the water suspension of PP used in our study is not suitable for its absorption and action.Inflammation is another major factor associated with increased OFR generation associated with EtOH-induced gastric injury.Previous research has shown that inflammatory cytokines play a role in the development of GU (Katary and Salahuddin 2017;Gomaa et al, 2018). TNFα is one of the most potent agents of inflammation and tissue damage, including the formation of GU.Previous research has revealed that TNFα elevation is linked to EtOH-induced GU and apoptosis(Badr et al, 2019).…”