“…In studies focusing on societies where they usually present together-e.g., Japan and South Korea-the discussion tends to revolve around singlehood, whereas childfreeness is analyzed only as a consequence (Dales, 2014(Dales, , 2015Mandujano-Salazar, 2017;Nishi & Kan, 2006;Rosenberger, 2007;Song, 2010;Yamada, 2000). On the contrary, researchers studying societies where parenthood and marriage are less relatedfor example, the United States-they tend to focus on people who reject parenthood, regardless of the relationship status of their subjects (Bimha & Chadwick, 2016;Daniluk, 1999;Gillespie, 2003;Ireland, 1993;Laurent-Simpson, 2017;McCabe & Sumerau, 2018;Salyakhieva & Saveleva, 2017).…”