Rescue of cortical neurovascular functions during the hyperacute phase of ischemia by peripheral sensory stimulation

Spatiotemporal dynamics of pial collateral blood flow following permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in a rat model of sensory-based protection: a Doppler optical coherence tomography study

“…Such activation results in functional and structural protection from impending ischemic stroke, findings that were independently replicated in other labs. [5][6][7][8][9][10] Further, our findings [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] (reviewed in Refs. [19][20][21] have demonstrated that such stimulus-based protection is achievable in anesthetized rats, unrestrained behaving rats, and in old rats.…”

High incidence of adverse cerebral blood flow responses to spreading depolarization in the aged ischemic rat brain

“…During SD, both alpha and delta waves became depressed to a similar level, which increased the calculated ADR significantly with respect to baseline. The high ADR in this case should not be interpreted as a lower ratio of slow waves (Claassen et al, 2004;Liao et al, 2015), therefore, it can give no predictions as to functional outcome. During the phase of recovery from SD, ADR returned to baseline with no difference between ischemic and nonischemic tissue, therefore, our hypothesis that ADR following SD in the ischemic tissue would decrease to indicate worse recovery was not proven.…”

“…Low ADR value has been reported to represent slow ECoG (i.e., higher share of low frequencies) and was taken as a predictor of worse recovery from delayed cerebral ischemia of subarachnoid hemorrhage patients (Claassen et al, 2004) and pentobarbitalanesthetized ischemic rats (Liao et al, 2015). Based on these accounts, together with the widely accepted notion that SD worsens ischemic brain injury (Back et al, 1996;Dreier, 2011), we set out to calculate ADR with the expectation to get lower ADR values after the passage of an SD as an indication for its injurious potential.…”

Advanced optoacoustic methods for multiscale imaging of in vivo dynamics

“…14a). At the macroscopic level, restriction of blood supply in ischemic lesions was characterized along with the consequent changes in blood volume and oxygen saturation [298–300]. Combined with other imaging modalities, optoacoustics can further serve as a complementary tool to characterize blood flow [301].…”