Research Article Mitochondrial DNA control region analysis of three ethnic populations in lower Northern part of Thailand.

Suyasunanont, U.; Nakkuntod, Maliwan; Mirasena, Saisiri

doi:10.4238/gmr16039687

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…PCR amplification has been performed from extracted DNA from EVs. Two sets of PCR-amplification primers designed for hyper variable (HV) regions of mtDNA HV2 and HV3 with respectively 374 and 232 base pairs amplicons were used [40,41]. Set-I: HV2F (5′- CACCCTATTAACCACTCACG-3′), HV2R (5’-CTGGTTAGGCTGGTGTTAGG-3′).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Omics Approach to Extracellular Vesicles from HIV-1 Infected Cells

Barclay

Khatkar

Mensah

et al. 2019

Cells

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) is the causative agent of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), infecting nearly 37 million people worldwide. Currently, there is no definitive cure, mainly due to HIV-1′s ability to enact latency. Our previous work has shown that exosomes, a small extracellular vesicle, from uninfected cells can activate HIV-1 in latent cells, leading to increased mostly short and some long HIV-1 RNA transcripts. This is consistent with the notion that none of the FDA-approved antiretroviral drugs used today in the clinic are transcription inhibitors. Furthermore, these HIV-1 transcripts can be packaged into exosomes and released from the infected cell. Here, we examined the differences in protein and nucleic acid content between exosomes from uninfected and HIV-1-infected cells. We found increased cyclin-dependent kinases, among other kinases, in exosomes from infected T-cells while other kinases were present in exosomes from infected monocytes. Additionally, we found a series of short antisense HIV-1 RNA from the 3′ LTR that appears heavily mutated in exosomes from HIV-1-infected cells along with the presence of cellular noncoding RNAs and cellular miRNAs. Both physical and functional validations were performed on some of the key findings. Collectively, our data indicate distinct differences in protein and RNA content between exosomes from uninfected and HIV-1-infected cells, which can lead to different functional outcomes in recipient cells.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%