Abstract. Understanding the direct relationship of the person, his activities Wednesday habitats requires not only new methodological approaches to research, but, first and foremost, clarify the existing scientific theories, their coherence with the development the environment Wednesday. A model of modernization of transport and technological machines as a factor in the realization of tasks of improving their effectiveness, safety and environmental performance. The main focus in addressing modifications of technological machines in use is considered lowering their material intensity, by adopting a more rugged and durable in endurance and wear materials. Modified methodology of estimation of residual resource of technical facilities by implementing technology upgrades for further reliable and safe operation. In the method a key factor is the effective and safe operation. Developed a calculation model of optimization of the resource in terms of assessing risk of system failure due to functional aging; optimization model of the resource, frequency of maintenance and wear limit of units in terms of assessing risk of occurrence of a system failure affecting safety. The solution of the question of resource upgrading to provide manufacturers, as an additional stage of the life cycle of construction machinery and means of complex mechanization.