Research in Orthopedic Surgery

Turner, A. Simon

doi:10.1016/b978-012655330-7/50083-6

Surgical Research 2001

DOI: 10.1016/b978-012655330-7/50083-6

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Research in Orthopedic Surgery

A. Simon Turner

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Cited by 3 publications

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The Manufacture of Resorbable Suture Material from Magnesium

et al. 2010

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Magnesium alloys present an alternative to medical cases in which polymeric sutures may not be ideal. To date, no efficient and low‐cost manufacturing process for the fabrication of magnesium‐based sutures can be found. To obtain an alternative, the previously characterised magnesium alloys ZEK100 (98% Mg), AX30 (96.2% Mg), AL36 (91% Mg) and MgCa0.8 (99.2% Mg) were cast, extruded into 30 mm diameter bars and extruded into 0.5 mm diameter wires. To determine the mechanical properties of the wires, grain size measurements, tensile tests as well as qualitative bending tests were carried out. The ZEK100 alloy's wires showed the finest microstructure having grains of 1.2 µm in diameter. Coarser microstructures were observed for MgCa0.8, AX30 and AL36. The alloy ZEK100 had the highest tensile stress (367 MPa) also revealing a brittle behaviour due to its fine microstructure. The tensile test, carried out for AX30 as well as AL36, resulted in comparable high fracture strains (10.6%) and tensile stresses (300 MPa). However, MgCa0.8 showed a tensile strength of 315 MPa and a low strain of 1.6%. Within the qualitative bending test wires made of the alloy AL36 were able to form tight knots, which is a key feature for suture applications. The comparison of the magnesium sutures with commercially available polymeric sutures revealed lower strength and elongation for the magnesium alloys. Yet, the wires exhibited mechanical properties that can meet the requirements of a suture material.

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The Manufacture of Resorbable Suture Material from Magnesium

et al. 2010

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Dietary-Induced Metabolic Acidosis Decreases Bone Mineral Density in Mature Ovariectomized Ewes

MacLeay

Olson²,

Enns

et al. 2004

Calcif Tissue Int

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Dietary-induced metabolic acidosis (DIMA) may be a significant confounder in the development of osteoporosis. Diets that are acidifying are typically rich in proteins and grains and relatively poor in fruits and vegetables. Previous studies have not examined whether an interaction between estrogen depletion and DIMA have a compounded affect on bone mineral density loss. Sheep have been used successfully in previous studies to examine the interaction of bone turnover and ovariectomy. Therefore, the goal of this pilot study was to determine if bone mineral density (BMD) loss could be induced using DIMA in skeletally mature ovariectomized (OVX) ewes.

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Effect of dietary-induced metabolic acidosis and ovariectomy on bone mineral density and markers of bone turnover

MacLeay

Olson²,

Turner

2004

J Bone Miner Metab

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Dietary-induced metabolic acidosis (DIMA) has been implicated as a significant confounder in the development of osteoporosis. Twenty-four mature ewes were randomly assigned to four groups of six sheep. Group 1 consumed a control diet (ND); group 2 consumed a normal diet (ND) and had ovariectomy (OVX), group 3 consumed a diet that induced metabolic acidosis (MA), without OVX, and group 4 consumed a diet that induced MA, with OVX. The study was conducted over 180 days and the sheep were maintained on the assigned diet throughout. Sheep were weighed and bone mineral density (BMD) was measured, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), on days 0 and 180. Serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), urine deoxypyridinoline (DPD), and fractional excretions (FE) of Ca and P were determined on days 0, 90, and 180. Arterial blood pH was determined on day 180. Analysis consisted of a two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures with significance set at P < or = 0.05. Body weights, serum BAP, and urine DPD were not influenced by either diet or OVX status. DIMA did significantly increase urinary FE of Ca and P and significantly decreased lumbar BMD and arterial pH. Arterial pH remained within physiologic normal limits. DIMA was a more potent cause of calcium wasting than OVX over the time frame of this study. Sheep appear to be sensitive to DIMA and will therefore be a useful animal model to study the influence of diet on the development of osteoporosis. The specific mechanisms through which DIMA exerts its influence are still unknown and are the subject of ongoing studies.

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Research in Orthopedic Surgery

Cited by 3 publications

References 619 publications

The Manufacture of Resorbable Suture Material from Magnesium

The Manufacture of Resorbable Suture Material from Magnesium

Dietary-Induced Metabolic Acidosis Decreases Bone Mineral Density in Mature Ovariectomized Ewes

Effect of dietary-induced metabolic acidosis and ovariectomy on bone mineral density and markers of bone turnover

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