Research Methods in Healthcare Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Stewardship: Use of Administrative and Surveillance Databases

Drees, Marci; Gerber, Jeffrey S.; Morgan, Daniel J.; Lee, Grace M.

doi:10.1017/ice.2016.189

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(114 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, to control the spread of MRSA, it is advised that both antibiotic use regulation and contact preventions be strictly observed. Similarly, culture surveillance is an important control measure (Farr, 2004;Drees et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from humans in Nairobi, Kenya

Sangeda¹,

Lifumo²,

Muigai³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Nosocomial infections due to multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus are an important health problem worldwide. Antimicrobial resistance prolongs the duration of hospitalization, thereby increasing the cost of patient care. For a long time, methicillin was considered as drug of choice for treatment of penicillin-resistant staphylococcal infections. Emergence of methicillin resistance reduced the available options for treatment of nosocomial and community acquired S. aureus. Normally, such strains are only sensitive to glycopeptides such as vancomycin and teicoplanin. Recent reports show that methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) have become multiply resistant to other drugs such as fluoroquinolones, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT), clindamycin or erythromicin and there are reports of vancomycin resistant strains from different parts of the world. The aim of this study was to determine the susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus isolates from humans. Drug susceptibility testing of isolates was determined using the disk diffusion method. A total of 110 S. aureus (SA) and 23 coagulase negative staphylococcus (CoNS) isolates from human sources were studied. Both SA and CoNS isolates were completely sensitive to vancomycin. On one hand, there was a comparable high resistance for both SA and CoNS to penicillin G, augmentin and tetracycline. On the other hand, there was significantly high resistance to erythromycin (69.6%), SXT (69.6%), oxacillin (82.6%), ciprofloxacin (52.2%) and clindamycin (39.1%) among CoNS when compared with SA isolates (erythromycin 38.2%, SXT 38.2, oxacillin (33.6%), ciprofloxacin (26.4%), clindamycin 18.2%) with p values 0.0090, 0.0099, 0.0001, 0.0239 and 0.0483, respectively. These high levels of resistance, calls for continuous surveillance studies to monitor for S. aureus infections in the community and hospital settings and the emergence of vancomycin resistant isolates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from humans in Nairobi, Kenya

Sangeda¹,

Lifumo²,

Muigai³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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“…The limitations of using diagnostic codes in administrative data to identify infected cases have been highlighted previously. [32][33][34][35] Also, our results are specific to Nova Scotia and may not reflect other jurisdictions. Finally, we did not distinguish between superficial and deep infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Total cost of surgical site infection in the two years following primary knee replacement surgery

Lethbridge

Richardson

Dunbar

2020

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

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Objective: The disease burden of surgical site infection (SSI) following total knee (TKA) replacement is considerable and is expected to grow with increased demand for the procedure. Diagnosing and treating SSI utilizes both inpatient and outpatient services, and the timing of diagnosis can affect health service requirements. The purpose of this study was to estimate the health system costs of infection and to compare them across time-to-diagnosis categories. Methods: Administrative data from 2005–2016 were used to identify cases diagnosed with SSI up to 1 year following primary TKA. Uninfected controls were selected matched on age, sex and comorbidities. Costs and utilization were measured over the 2-year period following surgery using hospital and out-of-hospital data. Costs and utilization were compared for those diagnosed within 30, 90, 180, and 365 days. A subsample of cases and controls without comorbidities were also compared. Results: We identified 238 SSI cases over the study period. On average, SSI cases cost 8 times more than noninfected controls over the 2-year follow-up period (CaD$41,938 [US$29,965] vs CaD$5,158 [US$3,685]) for a net difference of CaD$36,780 (US$26,279). The case-to-control ratio for costs was lowest for those diagnosed within 30 days compared to those diagnosed later. When only patients without comorbidities were included, costs were >7 times higher. Conclusion: Our results suggest that considerable costs result from SSI following TKA and that those costs vary depending on the time of diagnosis. A 2-year follow-up period provided a more complete estimate of cost and utilization.

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“…Our cohort of cases was identified using ICD‐10‐AM codes and the ED or the admitting medical team's documented clinical impression. Coding relies on good clinical documentation and is therefore prone to insensitivity and non‐specificity . Acknowledging the potential influence of coding, we chose to include a broad range of ICD‐10‐AM codes associated with pneumonia and confirmed these as relevant cases only after review of medical records and agreement between the two independent reviewers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of clinical decision support on empirical antibiotic prescribing for children with community‐acquired pneumonia

Mostaghim

Snelling

McMullan

et al. 2018

J Paediatrics Child Health

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Research Methods in Healthcare Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Stewardship: Use of Administrative and Surveillance Databases

Cited by 17 publications

References 94 publications

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from humans in Nairobi, Kenya

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from humans in Nairobi, Kenya

Total cost of surgical site infection in the two years following primary knee replacement surgery

Impact of clinical decision support on empirical antibiotic prescribing for children with community‐acquired pneumonia

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