Research Note: Alleviation of Performance Anxiety through Hypnotherapy

Stanton, H. E.

doi:10.1177/030573569302100106

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Two case reports investigated several interventions: Stanton (1993) found decreased MPA in three patients after two sessions of hypnotherapy, success imagery and rational emotive therapy. Abilgaard (2007) investigated the Alexander technique, stress management with mental training and reactivation of hobbies in a patient with MPA and alcohol abuse (after alcohol detoxification).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance anxiety in professional musicians: a systematic review on prevalence, risk factors and clinical treatment effects

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Music performance anxiety (MPA) is one of the most common disorders among professional musicians, nevertheless, little is known about the disease. With this systematic review, prevalence, risk factors and treatment procedures for MPA were assessed, and for the first time, quality assessments were carried out for all studies using standardized assessment tools. A systematic literature search was conducted via search algorithms in the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycArticles, PsycInfo and ERIC. Included were case reports, case–control, cohort, cross-sectional and intervention studies examining professional musicians with MPA. For quality assessment, adapted tools of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute were used. A total of 43 studies were included (10 case reports, 21 intervention, 11 cross-sectional, one cohort study). Quality ratings ranged from −11 to 6 out of a maximum of 15/16 points for cross-sectional/cohort studies and −4 to 11 out of 18 points for intervention studies. The prevalence of MPA was between 16.5% and 60%. More women than men were affected and musicians older than 45–50 years reported less MPA than younger musicians. Regarding treatment cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and β-blockers were most often researched with beneficial results for CBT. However, studies with adequate control groups for CBT interventions are needed to clarify its efficacy. Studies showed methodological weaknesses, especially in the selection of participants, recording of influencing factors, blinding of interventions, randomization of participants and analysis of comorbidity. Recommendations for further research are made.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance anxiety in professional musicians: a systematic review on prevalence, risk factors and clinical treatment effects

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Significant benefits have been found for the following conditions using CH: Anxiety disorders [43], general anxiety disorder [44], anxiety in cancer patients [45], PTSD [46], cognitive anxiety/trauma [47], pain relief [48], sleep disorders [49], diabetes [50], anxiety in public speaking [51], music performance anxiety [5,52]. For more information on these studies see Brooker [3].…”

Section: Findings From Research Using Cognitive Ch As An Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Hypnotherapy and EMDR: Two Effective Psychodynamic Therapies for the Rapid Reduction of Cognitive Anxiety

Brooker¹

2022

Complementary Therapies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the main research into cognitive anxiety has focused on the conscious mind. The aim of this chapter is to review two psychodynamic psychotherapies, cognitive hypnotherapy (CH) and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR). Both therapies focus on implicit or unconscious processes for the rapid relief of cognitive anxiety. The objective is to give credence to CH and EMDR both in the scientific and medical domains. The philosophy is concerned with changing negative cognitions and dysfunctional feelings through a process of desensitisation and reprocessing, utilising positive imagery. CH and EMDR were investigated in an intervention study with advanced pianists (n = 46). Participants were of mixed gender aged 18–26 and were randomly assigned to a therapy or control group. The therapy groups received two therapies of either CH or EMDR during a two week period between two concerts. Quantitative data were collected through the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Results showed that both therapy groups (but not the control) experienced a significant reduction in state anxiety post-therapy and trait anxiety decreased significantly below baseline levels in the EMDR group. This chapter further reviews research into CH and EMDR documented through a case study allowing for qualitative assessment of the therapies where two sessions only were required to effect positive change.

show abstract

“…Two pilot studies using hypnotherapy were conducted with musicians suffering from MPA (Plott, 1987; Stanton, 1993) and extended in a large-scale study when Stanton (1994) paired pianists according to their scores on the Performance Anxiety Inventory (PAI; Nagel, Himle, & Papsdorf, 1981). One of each pair was assigned either two sessions of hypnotherapy or to a non-treatment condition.…”

Section: Existing Ch and Emdr Studies For Mpamentioning

confidence: 99%

Music performance anxiety: A clinical outcome study into the effects of cognitive hypnotherapy and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing in advanced pianists

Brooker

2017

Psychology of Music

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Numerous investigations into music performance anxiety have focused on the conscious mind. However, little research has focused on implicit processes for alleviation of this condition. Cognitive hypnotherapy (CH) and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR), therapies which target implicit processes, were investigated in an intervention study with advanced pianists (n = 46). Participants were of mixed gender aged 18-26 years (three over 30) and were randomly assigned to a therapy or control group. The therapy groups received two interventions of either CH or EMDR during a two-week period between two concerts. Quantitative data were collected through performance assessment, the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and a self-report questionnaire (SRQ). The SRQ and a log of performance experience also allowed for qualitative assessment. Results showed that both therapy groups (but not the control) experienced a significant reduction in state anxiety post therapy and a significant improvement in performance. Trait anxiety decreased significantly below baseline levels post intervention in the EMDR group. This is an important area for future research in music psychology and has broader implications in other fields. Keywords cognition, implicit processes, intervention, state anxiety, trait anxietyCognitive anxiety is a psychological problem, the causes of which can be deeply embedded in the unconscious mind (Alladin, 2010). It exerts a negative effect on human behaviour, including music performance; the research literature validates this extensively (Kenny, 2011 Kenny, & Cooksey, 2007). Music performance anxiety (MPA) is widespread, affecting musicians of any age, instrument, amateur and professional musicians alike (Kenny, 2011) and over 60% of performing musicians experience this sometime during their lifetime (Wesner, Noyes, & Davis, 1990). Females generally exhibit higher degrees of MPA than males (Osborne & Franklin, 2002;Wesner et al., 1990) and solo performance generates higher levels of MPA than ensemble (Brugués, 2011). Music performance anxiety has been widely investigated; however, the problem still persists (Chan, 2011;Huang, 2011;Plaut, 1998;Shoup, 1995;Sloboda & Juslin, 2001;Williamon, Aufegger, & Eiholzer, 2014;Xu, 2010). The components of anxietyPerformance anxiety lies within the broad domain of social anxiety, occurring when psychological discomfort in situation-dependent states leads to anxiety (Crozier & Alden, 2005). A model of anxiety proposed by Lang, Miller, and Levin (1988) demonstrated that the combination and interplay of three factors -cognitive, physiological and behavioural -appear to be responsible for anxiety. Lang et al. (1988) maintained that anxiety is the interaction of fearful thoughts, arousal of the autonomic nervous system, and overt behavioural responses to perceived threat. Cognitive anxiety was first categorised into a two-factor structure having both trait and state components (Cattell, 1956). Traits are developed in early life and reflect residues o...

show abstract

Research Note: Alleviation of Performance Anxiety through Hypnotherapy

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Performance anxiety in professional musicians: a systematic review on prevalence, risk factors and clinical treatment effects

Performance anxiety in professional musicians: a systematic review on prevalence, risk factors and clinical treatment effects

Cognitive Hypnotherapy and EMDR: Two Effective Psychodynamic Therapies for the Rapid Reduction of Cognitive Anxiety

Music performance anxiety: A clinical outcome study into the effects of cognitive hypnotherapy and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing in advanced pianists

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About