Research of Experience of Emigration for Employment and Education Purposes of Students

Abstract

The scale of emigration of the Lithuanian population is among the highest in the EU, the number of residents in the country, including children and youth under 15 years of age departing with adults, shows a decreasing trend, but the emigration of students of higher education institutions is especially alarming. The growing emigration flows to the countries with developed economies are associated with the disbalance of labour force between the supply and demand of labour in the countries of different economic development. Unemployment, difference in wages and the standard of living are among the most significant economic factors determining emigration and involving the increasing number of young people, in particular the students of higher education institutions, into this process. Even though Lithuania attempts to solve the problem of departure of the students of higher education institutions from the country in the political context, it remains a significant and relevant topic in the context of social development of the country due to its complex and dynamic type. Furthermore, the research of emigration of the students in the domain of Lithuanian research is not sufficient with regard to the reasons and motives behind the behaviour of the youth, the attitudes or plans in terms of emigration. Therefore, the authors of the article attempt to answer the following problematic questions: What is the purpose of emigration from Lithuania among the students of higher education institutions? What factors determine the departure of the students of higher education institutions to the selected destination countries?

The Economic Impact of Remittances and Foreign Trade on Migration. Granger-Causality approach

“…Growing importance of the mobility factors in contemporary economies is unquestionable (Kumpikaite & Zickute, 2012;Janotka et al, 2013, Berzinskiene et al, 2014Kvedaraite et al, 2015).…”

“…The impact of economic determinants on migration is widely addressed in the literature (Lucas, 1990;Lundborg, 1991;Arnold, 1992;Teitelbaum & Russell, 1992;Faini and Venturini, 1993;Schiff, 1994;Martin & Taylor 1996;Durand et al, 1996;Kim & Cohen, 2010;Kumpikaite & Zickute, 2012;Janotka et al, 2013, Berzinskiene et al, 2014Kvedaraite et al, 2015). The vast majority of papers, however, provide evidence explaining only one-directional type of relationships that exist between different variables under consideration.…”

“…Studied variables should be perceived much rather like the actors of a dynamic system. Therefore, the objective of this research is to study reciprocal relations between migration, remittances and international trade, an issue that is of growing importance due to the current changes of mobility factors (Kumpikaite & Zickute, 2012;Janotka et al, 2013, Berzinskiene et al, 2014Kvedaraite et al, 2015).…”

Challenges in Nigeria’s education sector and the migration of Nigerian postgraduate students to South African universities

“…This is what determines the migration destination. For Kvedaraite et al (2015); Mihi-Ramireza and Kumpikaite (2014) and Janotka et al (2013), economic factor has been identified as the major reason students' migration decision. Students considered also the world ranking of universities in their choice of destination.…”

Highly-Skilled Migration, Migrant Networks and the Prestige of Academic Institutions

“…The highly-skilled migration is an important, international and growing issue of the last decades (Kazlauskiene & Rinkevicius, 2006;Arslan et al, 2014;Kvedaraite et al, 2015).…”