Research of postpartum endometritis in Japanese Black cattle with cystic ovarian disease by vaginal mucus test and endometrial cytology

Yamamoto, Naoki; Nishimura, Ryo; Gunji, Yosuke; Hishinuma, Mitsugu

doi:10.5194/aab-63-1-2020

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…On the other hand, current investigations have also confirmed an interaction existing between endometritis and cystic ovarian disease (COD) in Japanese black cattle [90]. According to the authors of the study, COD also has potential effects for endometritis, beside E. coli at 40-60 DPP, compared with cows with a normal ovarian cycle [90]. Similarly, a research report by Mohammed and colleagues [91] further demonstrated that endometritis has a significant adverse effect on the postpartum ovarian cycle of Holstein dairy cows.…”

Section: Clinical and Sub-clinical Endometritismentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Clinical and Sub-clinical Endometritismentioning

confidence: 72%

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Microflora in the Reproductive Tract of Cattle: A Review

Appiah

Wang

2020

Agriculture

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There are microbial communities in and on the bodies of all multicellular organisms, and this microbiota can have a significant impact on the biology of the host. Most studies have focused on the microbiome of the skin, mouth, and gut, whereas relatively little is known about the reproductive microbiome. From the perspective of the bovine reproductive tract, uterine diseases such as metritis and endometritis are traditionally viewed to result only from interactions occurring between the host animal and pathogens originating from either the environment or ascension from the vagina. This outdated opinion has been refuted by recent advanced studies that propose that, in addition to bacteria colonization through the extrinsic and ascending pathways to the vagina, bacteria can also move from the gut to the uterus, which is also associated with reproductive tract disorders. This has led to the concept of the “endogenous route hypothesis”, which has vital inferences for comprehending the etiology of metritis and endometritis. Furthermore, it has opened up the possibility of developing new prophylactic and therapeutic agents as alternatives to antimicrobial agents. In addition, the unveiling of next-generation sequencing technology makes it more convenient to perform detailed sequencing and analysis of data on the cervical, vaginal, and uterine flora and to further study uncultured bacteria in these niches—most importantly, the cervical niche, which previously was thought to have lower bacterial complexity. Research conducted to date has proven that the composition of microflora in a community varies widely between environmental sites, host niches, and health status. Furthermore, it has also been suggested that the occurrence of endometritis in the dairy and beef cattle reproductive tract is neither casual nor indirect but multifactorial. Whether disturbance in the variety of the microflora in the reproductive tract (dysbiosis) has a role in determining the sensitivity to metritis and endometritis is not yet known. This article outlines the current progress in understanding the microflora with regards to the bovine reproductive tract. The compositions of microflora in various niches of the reproductive tract are briefly elucidated. In addition, the functional role of these microflora communities in the reproductive tract is discussed, with particular emphasis on the association of bacterial flora with reproductive disorders and failures. Finally, prophylaxis and therapeutic approaches based on the new comprehension of the effects of antimicrobials, probiotics, and bacteriophages on the composition of the reproductive tract microflora are also considered.

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Section: Clinical and Sub-clinical Endometritismentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Clinical and Sub-clinical Endometritismentioning

confidence: 72%

Microflora in the Reproductive Tract of Cattle: A Review

Appiah

Wang

2020

Agriculture

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“…Individual researchers have reported that the incidence of ovarian cysts in dairy cattle can range from 3-15 % (Cattaneo et al, 2014) to 6-30 % (Yamamoto et al, 2020), with a peak incidence between 14 and 40 days after calving. According to some data, up to 70 % of ovarian cysts occur between 16 and 50 days after calving, with the highest incidence occurring between 30 and 40 days postpartum (Yimer et al, 2018).…”

Section: Postpartum Complications In Cows Are Associated With Hormona...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Postpartum complications in cows: diagnosis, treatment, prevention

Chabanenko,

Zhelavskyi,

Skliarov

et al. 2024

Ukr. Jour. of Vet. and Agr. Sci.

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This review contains an analysis of domestic and foreign researchers regarding the occurrence of postpartum complications in cows, which represents a significant veterinary problem. Diagnostic methods and treatment regimens for postpartum pathologies of various origins are presented. Difficulties and errors in diagnosing uterine inflammation lead to improper treatment, prolonged infertility, and significant economic losses. Based on an analysis of the literature, it has been proven that clinical forms of endometritis often develop into a subclinical course. The proportion of hidden endometritis can account for up to 80 % of the total amount of endometrial inflammation. The problem with postpartum complications of the uterus is that the inflammatory processes spread to the ovaries, and this can lead to complete infertility in animals. Rectal examination of cows remains one of the primary methods for diagnosing endometritis. Treatment generally involves the use of a wide range of antibiotics. Data on the hormonal causes of postpartum pathologies of the reproductive system of cows are also presented. A big problem is follicular and luteal cysts, their timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. The leading cause of cysts is a disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. A practical method for diagnosing cysts is ultrasound, and the type of cyst can be determined by the level of progesterone in the blood. A practical method of treating cysts is the use of hormonal drugs. Data are also presented confirming the significant role of microflora in the occurrence of inflammatory changes in the reproductive organs of cows. The main types of causative agents of inflammatory processes in the genital organs of cows in the postpartum period are given. In cows with endometritis, an imbalance of the uterine microflora is detected, and the growth of bacteria of the genus Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria with a simultaneous decrease in the number of Proteobacteria and Tenericutes. Data are presented that rumen acidosis can cause inflammation of the uterus, and this is associated with the penetration of Fusobacterium necrophorum into the blood circulation. The effectiveness of intravaginal treatment of cows with a mixture of lactic acid bacteria (L. rhamnosus, P. acidilactici, and L. reuteri) has been shown.

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