Research on air conditioning energy use and indoor thermal environment with Private Finance Initiative data monitoring of junior high schools before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan

Sekartaji, Dian; Ryu, Yuji; Novianto, Didit; Eto, Kazuma; Gao, Weijun

doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2023.01.104

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…If the energy source is not renewable, it contributes to the urban heat island effect and ambient heat exposure. [12,13] Low-e glass Low-e glass are good innovations to implement in tropical countries. Basically, they work by preventing the accumulation of heat in the building by reflecting sunlight to the outside so that the HVAC system is not overworked and thus reduces carbon emissions.…”

Section: Analysis 221 Ikn Current Planmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decarbonizing Indonesia’s New Capital City: Retrofitting The Design of Ministries Complex in IKN With Closed-loop System of Carbon Capture and Microalgae Secondary Skin

Putri,

Anandyasputri,

Bhanuwati

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The construction of the new capital IKN has the challenge of achieving carbon neutrality. With the IKN area currently inhabited by around 144,000 people, it is estimated that the carbon produced reached 57,152 kg, while with a target population of 1.6 million people in 2024, the carbon produced will increase 11 times. Plans of IKN to reduce the carbon produced are diverse, ranging from reforestation, providing renewable energy to saving energy use, the efforts in architecture are minimal, including solar panels, vertical gardens and green spaces in buildings. Low-e glass material will be used massively. This raises the need for new innovations. By using existing design analysis research methods, secondary data collection methods through literature review and design methods, the authors create a design transformation scheme that take advantage of the potential that the original design and site of IKN have, namely the microalgae secondary skin closed-loop system which is an integration of two main technologies; open air carbon capturing, and photobioreactor with microalgae cultivation on the facade of buildings whose role is to process carbon dioxide, produce energy and by-products of oxygen, biomass and microalgae. Oxygen is released into the air, biomass is processed into renewable energy, while microalgae is harvested for food, medicine and cosmetics. Method of testing is conducted by using empirical data and data assumptions calculated through corresponding variables and comparison study. The study finds that by implementation, carbon in buildings will be reduced to almost three times the previous one. The low-e glass technology passively reduces carbon emissions by 1,999.3 CO2, while the innovation reduces carbon emissions actively and passively by 5,999.3 CO2. The innovation goes beyond the principle of carbon neutral and will assist IKN in realizing new potential advances for sustainability.

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Section: Analysis 221 Ikn Current Planmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decarbonizing Indonesia’s New Capital City: Retrofitting The Design of Ministries Complex in IKN With Closed-loop System of Carbon Capture and Microalgae Secondary Skin

Putri,

Anandyasputri,

Bhanuwati

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…These parameters are two of the four environmental factors, together with air velocity and mean radiant temperature, whose measurement is necessary to carry out any objective study of thermal comfort [267][268][269][270]. In most of the works that have studied the ventilation measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic, the aforementioned indices have been used exclusively to establish some relationship with the existing thermal comfort conditions [43,44,47,146,225,230,237,239].…”

Section: Thermal Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the upper limit was 2.14 °C higher. These differences in the limits are mainly due to the small number of samples and the different climates and seasons in which the different studies were carried out during the COVID-19 period, which tends to bias the more extreme values reported in some studies [41,146].…”

Section: Climatic Zone Seasons and Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Review of the Literature on Thermal Comfort in Educational Buildings: Study of the Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Romero,

Miranda,

Montero

et al. 2023

Indoor Air

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Thermal comfort in educational buildings affects not only the well-being of students but also their academic performance. Over time, various methods have been developed to assess it. However, none of them takes into account the adaptation of students of different ages, which is an important issue. In recent years, the study of thermal comfort has become very important due to energy-saving measures and ventilation protocols to combat the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Therefore, it is necessary to gather all the information to guide future research. Thus, this paper presents a comprehensive review of field studies on thermal comfort in classrooms at different educational levels. The focus is on those conducted during the global pandemic of COVID-19. It has been observed that students from climates with a higher degree of variation have shown a better adaptation. Children also tended to feel less affected by changing temperatures. High school and university students showed a greater range of dissatisfaction with heat than with cold. The adaptive approach is more suitable for recognising the comfort needs of all age groups. However, by using this approach together with the Fanger method, more reliable results have been reported. In most of the studies, comfort levels were found to be lower than those indicated by the standards, highlighting the need for guidelines adapted to the thermal comfort conditions of all students. Finally, the various natural ventilation measures to avoid COVID-19 infection have led to a decrease in comfort levels, especially in winter.

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Effect of ventilation patterns on indoor thermal comfort and air-conditioning cooling and heating load using simulation

Sekartaji,

Ryu,

Novianto

2023

City Built Enviro

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Over the past three years, regulations have been implemented to combine natural ventilation (NV) and air conditioning to mitigate the risk of disease transmission, particularly in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. As we know, simultaneous use of NV and air conditioning can make it challenging to achieve indoor thermal comfort. This paper aims to analyze the effect of NV on the air conditioning`s cooling and heating load in a classroom through simulation. A simulation model was developed using EnergyPlus software with an OpenStudio interface software. Simulation results demonstrate that continuous use of NV alongside an air conditioner increases the cooling load from 1.06 to 1.75 times during summer and a 1.54 to 9.49 times heating load increase during winter. On the other hand, intermittent NV every hour results in a cooling load increase from 1.05 to 1.46 times in summer and a heating load increase from 1.13 to 4.63 times in winter. Moreover, employing NV based on the outside air temperature can reduce the cooling load at the air conditioner with set-point 26℃—28℃ from 0.94 to 0.88 times. The outcomes of this study are expected to serve as a reference for determining strategies that effectively combine NV and air conditioning to meet various needs without causing a significant increase in energy consumption. Additionally, the results are expected to be useful for reducing AC energy consumption in extremely hot and cold weather with some strategies of NV application.

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Research on air conditioning energy use and indoor thermal environment with Private Finance Initiative data monitoring of junior high schools before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Decarbonizing Indonesia’s New Capital City: Retrofitting The Design of Ministries Complex in IKN With Closed-loop System of Carbon Capture and Microalgae Secondary Skin

Decarbonizing Indonesia’s New Capital City: Retrofitting The Design of Ministries Complex in IKN With Closed-loop System of Carbon Capture and Microalgae Secondary Skin

Critical Review of the Literature on Thermal Comfort in Educational Buildings: Study of the Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Effect of ventilation patterns on indoor thermal comfort and air-conditioning cooling and heating load using simulation

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