Research on marine actinobacteria in India

Abstract

Marine actinobacteriology is one of the major emerging areas of research in tropics. Marine actinobacteria occur on the sediments and in water and also other biomass (mangrove) and substrates (animal). These organisms are gaining importance not only for their taxonomic and ecological perspectives, but also for their unique metabolites and enzymes. Many earlier studies on these organisms were confi ned only to the temperate regions. In tropical environment, investigations on them have gained importance only in the last two decades. So far, from the Indian peninsula, 41 species of actinobacteria belonging to 8 genera have been recorded. The genus, Streptomyces of marine origin has been more frequently recorded. Of 9 maritime states of India, only 4 have been extensively covered for the study of marine actinobacteria. Most of the studies conducted pertain to isolation, identifi cation and maintenance of these organisms in different culture media. Further, attention has been focused on studying their antagonistic properties against different pathogens. Their biotechnological potentials are yet to be fully explored.

Antagonistic activity of marine sponges associated Actinobacteria

“…The strain Streptomyces AQBMM35 did not resemble any of the reported species of Streptomyces in the ISP and also the taxonomy classification and related genera [28]. The strain also differed from the species classified from the marine and estuarine sediment at Porto Novo along the east coast of India [13] and it may be a new taxon [18]. The strain Streptomyces AQBMM49 resembles Streptomyces albidoflavus (S. albidoflavus).…”

“…It has been estimated that nearly 40% of sponge tissue volume contains associated microbes, with the population of 10 9 microbial cells per mL of sponge tissue, which is quite large numbers when compared to seawater density [11,12]. Many microorganisms have been associated with sponges, but very limited studies have been carried out in Indian coastal waters, that too particularly about marine Streptomyces [13]. Furthermore, a review describes about the marine microbes and their nature of association with fish, shellfish, seaweeds and sponges [14].…”

Statistical optimization and anticancer activity of a red pigment isolated from Streptomyces sp. PM4

“…While there are several reports about the control of secondary metabolite production by actinobacteria [12,13] , optimization of cultivation conditions is expected to improve the secondary metabolite production. In this study, optimization of pigment production by the strain of Streptomyces sp.…”

Response surface methodology for the optimization of α-amylase production by Streptomyces sp. ML12 using agricultural byproducts

“…While there are several reports on the control of extracellular α-amylase production by actinobacteria (Sivakumar et al 2007), optimization of cultivation conditions is expected to improve the enzyme production. In this study, optimization of α-amylase production by a marine actinobacterium using two different statistical designs was investigated.…”

“…α-Amylase has been found in several microorganisms like bacteria (Hagihara et al 2001;Haq et al 2003), actinobacteria (Kundu et al 2006;Sivakumar et al 2007) and fungi (Ramachandran et al 2004). α-Amylases are widely distributed in the species of Streptomyces and are used in the industries, such as food, beverages and fermentation.…”