Research on the effect of gas nitriding treatment on the wear resistance of ball seat used in multistage fracturing

Zheng, Chao; Liu, Yonghong; Wang, Hanxiang; Zhu, Hongwu; Ji, Renjie; Liu, Zengkai; Shen, Yang

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2014.12.050

Cited by 32 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Ball seats—one of the crucial components of fracturing sliding sleeves—are used to open the sandblasting ports for fracturing in conjunction with the fracturing balls [ 4 , 5 ]. Conventional ball seats, typically made of steels, need to be drilled out to avoid hindrance [ 6 ]. The novel ball seats crafted with dissolvable magnesium alloys can be degraded after fracturing operations, leaving unobstructed wellbores without drilling or salvage [ 1 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion and Erosion Wear Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Fe-Based Amorphous Coatings on Dissolvable Mg-RE Alloy Substrates

Yang¹,

Sun

Su³

et al. 2023

Materials

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To suppress the corrosion and erosion wear of dissolvable magnesium alloy ball seats in wellbores, Fe-based amorphous coatings were deposited on dissolvable Mg-RE alloy substrates, and their microstructure, corrosion behavior, and erosion wear behavior were studied. The thickness of Fe-based amorphous coatings on dissolvable Mg-RE alloy substrates can reach 1000 μm without any cracks, and their porosity and amorphous contents are 0.79% and 86.8%, respectively. Although chloride ions will damage the compactness and protective efficacy of passive films, Fe-based amorphous coatings still maintain low corrosion current density (3.31 μA/cm2) and high pitting potential (1 VSCE) in 20 wt% KCl solution. Due to their higher hardness, the erosion wear resistance of Fe-based amorphous coatings is about 4.16 times higher than that of dissolvable Mg-RE alloy substrates when the impact angle is 30°. Moreover, the erosion rates of Fe-based amorphous coatings exhibit a nonlinear relationship with the impact angle, and the erosion rate reaches the highest value when the impact angle is 60°. The erosion wear mechanisms of Fe-based AMCs vary with the impact angles, including cutting, delamination, splat fracture, and deformation wear. This work can provide effective guidance for the corrosion and wear protection of plugging tools made from dissolvable magnesium alloy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion and Erosion Wear Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Fe-Based Amorphous Coatings on Dissolvable Mg-RE Alloy Substrates

Yang¹,

Sun

Su³

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…Due to the large number of cemented carbide grains arranged on the bottom of the milling tool by welding, the fracturing ball and fracturing ball seat would be milled clean by the milling tool. As the material of the ball seat is usually very hard to withstand the erosion of fracturing fluid, it is difficult to mill it out efficiently and safely (Zheng et al 2015(Zheng et al , 2016c. In order to select the milling tool that is more suitable for milling multistage fracturing ball seat, it is important to evaluate the working performance of different milling tools.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on the working performance of different milling tools for multistage fracturing ball seats

et al. 2020

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To achieve the secondary production in multistage fracturing wells of tight oil, milling tools are usually used to remove the multistage fracturing ball seats to achieve production with a large diameter in later. In this paper, first of all, the working mechanism of milling tools for multistage fracturing ball seats was studied and a mechanical analysis model of single abrasive grain was established. Then, an experimental system for milling tools was developed, and the experimental tests of the flat, the blade, and the slope milling tool were conducted in order. Besides, the morphology of chips and the surface morphology of the workpiece after the experiment were analyzed. Also, the working performance of milling tools was evaluated from the perspectives of working safety, working efficiency, and wear resistance of the milling tool. The results show that the torque of the milling tool increases nonlinearly with the increase in the cutting depth of the abrasive grain and increases linearly with the increase in the cutting width. Also, the chips are irregular particles and the size is mainly from 10 to 50 μm. So, the chips should be pumped up with a small pump pressure and a large displacement. Besides this, the cutting depths of the abrasive grains are from 216.20 to 635.47 μm and the bottom surface of the milling tool should be eccentric to avoid the zero point of cutting speed. Furthermore, the torque of the slope milling tool is 23.8% larger than that of the flat milling tool, which is also 30.4% smaller than that of the blade milling tool. Compared with the flat milling tool, the working efficiency of the blade milling tool improves by 79.9% and the slope milling tool improves by 111.1%. Also, the wear resistance of the blade milling tool decreases by 102.7%, while the slope milling tool declines by 32.6% when compared with the flat milling tool. Therefore, the slope milling tool has the characteristics of moderate torque, stable working conditions, the highest working efficiency, and fine wear resistance, which is preferably used to mill multistage fracturing ball seats. This study provides a theoretical basis and guidance for milling multistage fracturing ball seats on-site and realizing production with a large diameter in later stages of multistage fracturing wells.

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“…The principal reasons why the surface of steel benefits from nitriding, are the fact that wear and friction properties are improved by structure and microstructure modification, especially via a hardness increase due to the formation of an interstitial solid solution or compound layer [11] [12] [13] [14]. The parameters governing the wear resistance are multiply depending on relative speed, contact pressure, lubricant, and properties of the material itself (hardness surface and residual stress) [15] [16] [17] [18] [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Effect of Gas Nitriding Time on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of 42CrMo4 Steel

Terres¹,

Ammari²,

Cherif³

2017

MSA

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Prior studies have noted that gas nitriding has a considerable effect for wear resistance. The aim of this paper is to study the influence of gas nitriding time (12, 24, 36 and 48 h) in the wear behaviour of 42CrMo4 steel. It has been assessed by micro hardness, pin-on-disc tribosystem, and SEM through the nitrided layer for each nitriding time. The study relates to the performance of the compound layer and the diffusion layer with respect to adhesive wear. The results were analyzed in terms of the weight lost during wear, for nitrided steel with and without the compound layer, and for untreated steel. It has been observed that wear rate varies as a function of the tests conditions due to the presence of different wear mechanisms. Thus, for short tests conditions wear rate depends on two mechanisms: plastic deformation and adhesive wear, whereas for large tests conditions the mechanisms controlling wear rate are abrasive and oxidative wear. Furthermore, this study contains an analysis of the wear mechanisms of a nitrided part, founded on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations of the wear traces at various stages of the evolution of wear. The SEM examination of worn surfaces revealed signatures for the adhesion, abrasion, delamination and tribochemical (oxidative) modes of wear. This is an important issue for future research.

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Research on the effect of gas nitriding treatment on the wear resistance of ball seat used in multistage fracturing

Cited by 32 publications

References 31 publications

Corrosion and Erosion Wear Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Fe-Based Amorphous Coatings on Dissolvable Mg-RE Alloy Substrates

Corrosion and Erosion Wear Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Fe-Based Amorphous Coatings on Dissolvable Mg-RE Alloy Substrates

Experimental study on the working performance of different milling tools for multistage fracturing ball seats

Study of the Effect of Gas Nitriding Time on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of 42CrMo4 Steel

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