Short video has attracted many users with its unique phantom manufacture and image production, but due to the limitation in data collection and analysis, the video-making process of short videos has not received enough attention, which leads to the improvement of dissemination efficiency, which still mainly depends on the improvement of marketing tactics. However, it should be noted that the effectiveness of marketing will continue to decline; after all, when traffic bonuses disappear, only high-quality short videos will retain users. Meanwhile, newly developed causal reasoning has enabled great strides in removing redundant data and supplying causal interpretability in data analysis, opening up a new way to investigate the causal factors influencing the successful dissemination of short videos. Therefore, a method based on a causal transformer is proposed in this research to probe the relationship between the video-making features and dissemination efficiency of short videos. Researchers found that certain video-making features of short videos that can be accurately screened are closely related to dissemination efficiency rates, which has important theoretical and practical implications for platforms and creators of short videos, enabling them to better serve user demands and increase user retention.