Research on the mechanism of drag reduction and efficiency improvement of hydraulic retarders with bionic non-smooth surface spoilers

An, Yuanyuan; Wei, Wei; Li, Shuangshuang; Liu, Cheng; Meng, Xianglu; Yan, Qingdong

doi:10.1080/19942060.2020.1717995

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The rotor of the hydrodynamic retarder is connected to the vehicle transmission, so the idling power loss increases with the rotational speed. The idling power loss is of the same principle as the generation of braking power [34]. Additional devices such as valve plates or spoilers are typically installed to minimize the idling power loss.…”

Section: Evaluation Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Evaluation of Hydrodynamic Retarders with Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and Improved Radar Chart

Wang,

Wei,

Chen

et al. 2023

Machines

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The braking performance of hydrodynamic retarders is critical for the safety and economy of heavy-duty vehicles. In order to effectively improve the braking system to meet the needs of the market, an evaluation method for quantifying the performance of hydrodynamic retarders is imperative. In this paper, ten evaluation criteria are put forward according to relevant national standards and market requirements, then the scores corresponding to these criteria are obtained by performance bench test. A fuzzy modification of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method is applied to determine the relative weights of the chosen evaluation criteria, where uncertain and imprecise judgments of decision-makers are translated into fuzzy numbers. Furthermore, the improved radar chart method is used to comprehensively evaluate and rank the braking performance of three types of hydrodynamic retarders as an empirical example. In addition, the weight sensitivity analysis is conducted to examine the robustness of the ranking results. The results show that the proposed method is effective and feasible. It provides a reference for multi-objective optimization control strategies and structure designs of hydrodynamic retarders.

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Section: Evaluation Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Evaluation of Hydrodynamic Retarders with Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and Improved Radar Chart

Wang,

Wei,

Chen

et al. 2023

Machines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…High dynamic pressure results in an increase of the flow resistance and energy loss [ 34 ]. Table 3 shows the dynamic pressure at the bottom of grooves with different inflow velocities.…”

Section: Drag Reduction Of Bionic Nonsmooth Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Nonsmooth Groove Tire Bioinspired by Shark-Skin Riblet Structure

Liu

Meng

et al. 2022

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

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As one of the major causes of traffic accidents on wet roads, hydroplaning is prone to occur when the traveling speed of a vehicle rises so high that the hydrodynamic pressure between pavement and tires equals inflation pressure. In this condition, the vehicle nearly loses braking and steering capacity. Inspired by the superior drag reduction function of shark-skin riblet, the purpose of this study is to arrange bionic nonsmooth structures at the bottom of longitudinal grooves to promote the hydroplaning performance without affecting other tire performances. A finite element model of 185/60R15 tire was employed and its accuracy was verified by loading tests with CSS-88100 electronic testing instrument. Meanwhile, a fluid domain model was founded by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The simulated critical hydroplaning speed was in accord with that obtained by the NASA empirical formula. Inspired by shark-skin riblet, three kinds of nonsmooth surfaces were exploited. In addition, the drag reduction rate, shear stress, and flow velocity distribution were compared for different grooves. Then, the optimized nonsmooth structure with the best drag reduction effect among three nonsmooth surfaces was arranged at the bottom of longitudinal grooves for bionic tire. Simulation results demonstrated that the bionic tire obviously decreased hydrodynamic lift and increased flow velocities. With these improvements, the critical hydroplaning speed was effectively improved for the bionic tire. These research results can be applied to the promotion of hydroplaning performance without degrading other tire performances.

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Mathematical model of a hydraulic retarder based on Rankine–vortex dynamics

Huang,

2023

Physics of Fluids

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Accurate theoretical models of actuators are crucial for researching autonomous driving in heavy-duty commercial vehicles (HDCVs). A hydraulic retarder is a widely used auxiliary braking device in HDCVs that prevents thermal failure of the main brake resulting from continuous braking. The working chamber and the control system are closely interconnected within the hydraulic retarder, forming a highly nonlinear system. Therefore, most mathematical models for predicting the braking torque of hydraulic retarders have separated the working chamber from the control systems, making it difficult to explain the differences between the hydraulic retarder's predicted and actual performance. This paper establishes a novel mathematical model incorporating the working chamber and control system analysis for a hydraulic retarder based on Rankine vortex dynamics. A functional relationship was obtained between the hydraulic retarder's braking torque and the rotor speed, control pressure, float chamber pressure, oil density, and characteristic parameters of the working chamber. The mathematical model has been verified through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experiments. CFD results show the velocity distribution of oil vortex flow in the working chamber, and the variation laws of the fundamental parameters are consistent with the established mathematical model. The average errors between the mathematical model calculated and experimental braking torque are 6.3%, 9.5%, 11.8%, and 4.2% at control pressures of 2.8, 2.2, 1.4, and 0.6 bar, respectively, confirming the mathematical model's effectiveness. The mathematical model holds significant value for the design and development of hydraulic retarders and the control strategies of HDCVs with hydraulic retarders.

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Research on the mechanism of drag reduction and efficiency improvement of hydraulic retarders with bionic non-smooth surface spoilers

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Comprehensive Evaluation of Hydrodynamic Retarders with Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and Improved Radar Chart

Comprehensive Evaluation of Hydrodynamic Retarders with Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and Improved Radar Chart

Design of Nonsmooth Groove Tire Bioinspired by Shark-Skin Riblet Structure

Mathematical model of a hydraulic retarder based on Rankine–vortex dynamics

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