DTA measurements with mixtures of aluminum oxide and lutetium oxide around the 1:1 perovskite composition were performed up to 1970• C. A peak with onset 1901• C was due to the melting of the eutectic Lu 4 Al 2 O 9 (monoclinic phase) and LuAlO 3 (perovskite). Neither peritectic melting of the perovskite nor its decomposition in the solid phase could be resolved experimentally. The maximum of the eutectic peak size is near x = 0.44, on the Lu-rich side of the perovskite, which is consistent with the conclusion that LuAlO 3 melts peritectically at ca. 1907• C as proposed by Wu, Pelton, J. Alloys Compd. 179 (1992) 259. Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations reveal, that under strongly reducing conditions (oxygen partial pressure < 10 −13 bar) aluminum(III) oxide can be reduced to suboxides or even Al metal. It is shown that under such conditions a new phase field with liquid Al can appear.