“…84,85 In contrast to these formal programs, several locally developed research tracks offered more flexible, individualized, and innovative options to facilitate resident entry into research careers. 59,60,[62][63][64][65][66]71,72,74,76 For instance, shorter research training opportunities, such as intensive summer research institutes or symposia, targeted residents with less formal research interests, with attendants reporting high satisfaction. 58,61,[68][69][70]73,79 Similarly, 3-day NIMH-funded psychiatry research conferences, which included morning plenary sessions and afternoon small-group teaching sessions, appeared to consolidate knowledge and provide practical research skills for resident participants.…”