Research status of bael (Aegle marmelos) in India: A review

Abstract

Bael [Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa ex Roxb., Family Rutaceae] is one of the oldest known fruit tree species native to India. Wide distribution of bael in Indian subcontinent and other parts of the world reflects its adaptation to a range of agro-climatic conditions. In addition to well-known nutritional and traditional medicinal benefits, the bael fruits have considerable processing and industrial values. In order to better utilize and improve the existing genetic resource, there is a need scrutinizing the studies related to genetic diversity, characterization, evaluation and conservation, taxonomy, phenology, floral biology and pollination. In addition, survey of literature for better understanding of various agrotechniques, propagation methods, canopy management, biotic and abiotic stresses and their management is equally important for improving the fruit productivity and quality.Accordingly, this review paper intends to critically examine and systematically arrange the voluminous literature available on aforementioned aspects of bael tree.

Assessment ofAegle marmelosFruit Extracts as Organic Insecticide forSpodoptera exiguaonAllium ascolanicum

“…The other results showed that there are secondary metabolites in plants that can be used as a mechanism for interaction between plants and animals, namely phytochemicals [43][44][45], so they can be used as biopesticides, for example papaya leaves. Papaya leaves contain the enzyme papain which when it enters the trachea of insects, then spreads and can interfere with the performance of the nervous system of these insect pests [46].…”

Tackling the Constraints of Cumin Cultivation and Management Practices

“…Using integrated approach, disease and pest can be managed effectively such as management of aphids, wilt, blight, downy mildew and powdery which are the most detrimental biotic stresses in seed spices [39,48,108]. In order to manage the wilt disease, soil solarization (covering of moist soil with plastic sheets) can be an effective method to kill soil born pathogen which causes wilt.…”

Studies on Growth, Development and Establishment of Different Bael (Aegle marmelos L.) Varieties under Prayagraj Agro Climatic Conditions

“…It is sacred tree in Hinduism, and is offered in prayers of Hindu deities Lord Shiva and Parvati and thus, the tree is also known by the name Shivaduma (The Tree of Shiva). Its medicinal properties have been described in the ancient treatise like Charaka Samhita,Upvana Vinod and Yajur Veda, and it has also been portrayed in the paintings of Ajanta Caves Singh et al [2].…”