A survey of the aquatic plant flora in Lake Towada, a caldera lake located in the northern Tohoku region, was conducted in 2021. Twenty taxa of aquatic plants were confirmed; among them, a previously reported species was revised and re-identified and five species were newly recorded. Based on these updated flora data, the conservation importance of 65 lakes was evaluated following a method by Yamanouchi et al. (2016), using the number and rarity of extant species as indicators. The results showed that out of the 65 lakes, Lake Towada improved from the 19th to 12th and from 17th to 8th in terms of the number and rarity of extant species, respectively, indicating that the lake has higher conservation importance compared to what was previously reported. Elodea nuttallii, an invasive alien species, first documented in Lake Towada in 2014, had spread throughout the lake in 2021 and has grown vigorously at several sites.