Reserpin als Thyroxin-Antagonist

Kuschke, H. J.; Gruner, Heidi

doi:10.1007/bf01484941

Cited by 17 publications

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“…Several studies have shown that thyroid hormones increase the calorigenic action of epinephrine (6,7,14), and some authors have reported that drugs which interfere with sympathetic activity can prevent the rise in oxygen consumption after thyroid (17)(18)(19)(20). It has not been possible, however, to demonstrate an effect of reserpine on the increase in oxygen consumption produced by triiodothyronine in the experiments reported here, nor was Schwartz (26) able to show an effect of dibenzyline on the rise in oxygen consumption produced by thyroid.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is far more difficult to remove completely sources of catecholamines before testing the effect of thyroxine. Although many studies (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23) ine when catecholamines have been blocked by various pharmacological agents. Consequently the question of whether thyroxine acts only through its effects on catecholamines remains unsettled.…”

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“…It is far more difficult to remove completely sources of catecholamines before testing the effect of thyroxine. Although many studies (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23) have shown an inhibition of the response to thyroxine after removing or inhibiting catecholamines, most of these studies have failed to exclude completely the presence of catecholamines. Other studies (24)(25)(26)(27)(28) have failed to show any change in the effect of thyrox-* Submitted for publication June 7, 1963; accepted October 10, 1963. t Postdoctoral fellow of the National Science Foundation.…”

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Studies on the Interactions of Thyroid Hormone and Catecholamines*

Bray¹

1964

J. Clin. Invest.

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Since the original demonstration by MagnusLevy (1) of the rise in respiratory exchange after feeding thyroid and the synthesis of thyroxine by Harington and Barger (2), the physiological effects of insufficient and of excess amounts of thyroid hormone have been well described (3). The cellular and biochemical mechanism by which thyroid hormones produce these effects is, however, still far from clear. Numerous studies have shown a direct effect of thyroxine on various in vitro systems (4), but these effects are often difficult to relate to the physiological effects of thyroid hormone.The resemblance of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism to the effects of sympathomimetic amines has given rise to the concept that the primary effect of thyroxine may be to alter the tissue sensitivity to epinephrine and norepinephrine. Substantial evidence, both clinical and experimental, has accumulated to support the idea that sensitivity to catecholamines varies directly with the intensity of action of thyroid hormone (5-16).Evidence for the converse hypothesis, i.e., that the tissue response to thyroxine is mediated by the action of catecholamines, is difficult to interpret. It is relatively easy to alter the state of thyroid activity and then test the response to catecholamines. It is far more difficult to remove completely sources of catecholamines before testing the effect of thyroxine. Although many studies (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23) ine when catecholamines have been blocked by various pharmacological agents. Consequently the question of whether thyroxine acts only through its effects on catecholamines remains unsettled.In an effort to shed further light on this problem, studies using a combination of surgical and pharmacological techniques have been carried out. The effect of thyroid hormones and reserpine independently and in combination on thyroidectomized or thyroidectomized and adrenodemedullated rats has been investigated using metabolic rate, heart rate, and growth as indicators of response. MethodsMale rates of the hooded or albino strains from the Mill Hill breeding stock were used for thyroidectomy and adrenodemedullation, which was performed under ether anesthesia. Thyroidectomy was done through a mid-line incision (29), and to destroy any remaining thyroid tissue, 25 to 50 ,uc of I"8 was given 1 week after the operation. Adrenodemedullation, performed through bilateral flank incision at the same time as thyroidectomy, was done by mobilizing the adrenals and incising the capsule. The medulla and cortex were then removed from the capsule by gentle pressure on each side of the adrenal. Tap water was given postoperatively, since in our experience drinking water containing 0.9% sodium chloride did not alter survival. Animals were not used until at least 6 weeks after operation, at which time the hooded rats weighed 148 g and the albino rats 187 g, on the average. At the end of the studies on adrenodemedullated animals the adrenals were removed, homogenized in 10 ml of cold 5% trichloroacetic acid, and centrifuged. The ...

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Studies on the Interactions of Thyroid Hormone and Catecholamines*

Bray¹

1964

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…It seems likely that the more impurities present in the bacterial endotoxi .n the more strongly would the effect of reserpine be inhibited, while the action of DNP is quite different from those pyrogenic substances with high molecular weight. Kuschke et al (36) reported that reserpine did not affect the increased metabolic rate produced by DNP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Reserpine on Febrile Responses Induced by Pyrogenic Substances

Yasuda

1962

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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Although there are many reports as to the hypothermic effect of reserpine (1-5), the exact mechanism of this action appears to be undecided. Recently, the action of reserpine has been found to be associated with the depletion of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) or catecholamine in the brain and the direct action of the alkaloid itself would be, if any, fairly negligible (6-12). After monoamine oxidase inhibitors had been introduced to pharmacology their effects were also studied on the reserpine action by many authors (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). Tyramine is known to have a pyrogenic action. Bachtold and Pletscher (21) demonstrated that rabbits pretreated with iproniazid exhibited a marked hyperthermia by the subsequently administered tyramine, phenylethylamine, 5-HT or reserpine. Horita (22) and Horita and Gogerty (23) showed that the pyrogenic activity of 5-hydroxytrypto phane, a possible precursor of 5-HT, was greatly enhanced by pretreatment with either iproniazid or beta-phenylisopropylhydrazine (PIH). In addition, Horita (22) has found that preliminary treatment of rabbits with PIH produced a marked excitation and hyperther mia with subsequent administration of reserpine. Such "reserpine reversal" was also observed between iproniazid and reserpine except in a few cases (19)(20)(21)23). Kroneberg et al. (24) have shown that the pyrogenic effect of E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), purified by the method of Westphal et al. (25) is inhibited by pretreatment with reserpine and that the fever thus inhibited reappeared when iproniazid is given. Going (26) has confirmed this finding and has reported the augmentation of febrile responses of animals to bacterial pyrogens by pretreatment with iproniazid. These interesting results may indicate that biogenic amines such as 5-HT or cate cholamines could play an important role in the pyrogenic activity of bacterial pyrogens. The question remains whether the bacterial endotoxins injected intravenously in animals gain access to the brain by crossing the blood-brain barrier or it is possible that the bacterial endotoxin may not have a direct action on the thermoregulatory center, and that the active principle transferrable across the blood-brain barrier may be some of the products, derived from bacterial endotoxins. Another possibility involves a substance in the animal body produced secondarily to the effect of bacterial pyrogens. This, in sub stance, covers the two theories on pyrogenic effects of bacterial pyrogens, i.e., 'endogenous pyrogen' (27-31) and 'endogenous serum pyrogen ' (32-34).The present paper deals with a study of the possible relationship between the biogenic amine and the pyrogenic effects of several substances, bacterial as well as chemical in

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“…Reserpine administration has been reported to depress O2 consumption in rats (1) and guinea pigs (2). Other studies have shown reserpine to decrease thyroidal-T':'l uptake ( 3 .…”

Section: Dept Of Dairy Husbandry University Of Missouri Columbiamentioning

confidence: 99%