Reserve Capabilities of the Cardiorespiratory System in Football Players with Different Individual-Typological Properties of the Nervous System

Abstract

ntroduction. The factors that are decisive in achieving high sports results in football and have a significant impact on the game activities of players, are technical, tactical, moral and volitional characteristics and physical performance of players. In our opinion, the individual typological properties of the central nervous system and the functional state of the cardiorespiratory system can have a significant impact on the outcome of the game and the game activity of football players. We suggest that there may be a functional relationship between individual typological traits that are highly genetically determined features of the central nervous system and the reserve capacity of the cardiorespiratory system.Purpose. To find out the reserve capabilities of the cardiorespiratory system of football players with different individual-typological properties of the nervous system.Methods. The individual-typological properties of the CNS and the functional characteristics of the cardiorespiratory system were studied in the elite football players. Results. In the course of our research, the indicators of the properties of the main nervous processes, namely, functional mobility (FMNP), strength (SNP) and balance (BNP) of nervous processes, were determined. The reserve capabilities of cardiorespiratory functions of sportsmen were established according to the following indicators: respiratory coefficient (RC), heart rate (HR, beats ·min-1), systolic (CO, ml) and minute blood volume (Q, l. min-1), indicators of minute tidal volume (VE, l. min.-1), oxygen consumption (VO2, ml · min.-1, ml · min.-1· kg. -1), carbon dioxide emissions (VCO2, ml · min.-1, ml · min.-1· kg.-1) and blood lactate (HLa). Correlation links have been established between individual-typological properties on the example of FMNP and functions of the cardiorespiratory system (r = 0.37-0.51). Originality.It was found that the balance of nervous processes (BNP) was characterized by the greatest reserve capabilities among individual-typological properties. Among cardiorespiratory functions, the greatest reserve capabilities were found for indicators - Hla, VE and VO2. The results of correlation analysis indicate that the cardiorespiratory functions of highly qualified football players depend on the individual-typological properties of the nervous system.Conclusion.We have determined reserve capabilities among individual-typological and cardiorespiratory properties. The greatest reserve capabilities are the balance of nervous processes and indicators of lactate in the blood, the minute volume of respiration and oxygen consumption. 42 Серія «Біологічні науки», 202 2During physical activity in groups of elite football players with a high level of development of typological properties of the nervous system, the characteristics of cardiorespiratory functions are much more pronounced. There are relationships between individual-typological property - FMNP and indicators of cardiorespiratory functions - НLa, VE and VO2 (r = 0.37-0.51).Thus, the functional mobility of nervous processes determines the reserve capabilities of the cardiorespiratory system, which in turn limits the physical performance of football players.Key words: individual-typological properties of the CNS; cardiorespiratory functions; reserve capabilities of functional systems.

Reactivity of the Oxygen Transport System of Elite Athletes With Different Individual and Typological Properties in Their Nervous Systems

“…For now, convincing data has been obtained that neurodynamic variants of typological features in elite athletes are genetically determined properties of the central nervous system and do not change during training and competition [4,23]. Although these directions are still far from the final study, they open broad prospects for forming new approaches to the solution of theoretical and applied research.…”

“…The genetically determined individual typological property -the functional mobility (FMNP) of nervous processes -was determined with the help of the "Diagnost-1M" computer device [4,23]. The indicator of the level of FMNP was the time of performing the task of differentiating positive and inhibitory stimuli that followed each other in the "feedback" mode in seconds.…”

Transformation of Psycho-Physiological Properties in War Situations

“…A characteristic feature of these indicators is the gradual refinement of measurement results with the help of feedback. This technique is implemented with the participation of a more complex analytical and synthetic activity of the brain involving the subject's willpower and constant switching of attention to different components of the activity [14].…”

“…This can probably be explained by several mechanisms. First, by interference of nervous processes [14,21], which are the basis of mental activity. Secondly, by the presence of dominant states [26], and thirdly, by the processes underlying the development of depression of psychophysiological properties, the driving force of which is the imbalance of cortical-subcortical interactions in the brain structures and impossibility of high-quality processing of information [18].…”

“…The following indicators were determined: the strength of nervous processes (SNP), the functional mobility of nervous processes (FMNP), and the balance of nervous processes (BNP), speed characteristics of a simple visual-motor reaction (SVMR), reaction in choosing one of the three signals (RC 1-3 ) and reaction in differentiating two of the three signals (RC 2-3 ) [13]. For this, it was necessary to differentiate image signals quickly and qualitatively (shapes: triangle, circle and square) and, according to the instructions, press the button with the left or right hand [14]. For all the subjects, the same scheme was applied when solving tasks, which differed both in terms of presentation pace and content.…”