Residential magnetic fields as a risk factor for childhood acute leukaemia: Results from a German population-based case-control study

Champs magnétiques 50–60 Hz et santé : quoi de neuf ?

“…Certes elles concernaient l'exposition dans la résidence de l'enfant, mais trois appréciaient le CM mesuré dans la chambre de l'enfant pendant 24 h (Schüz et al, 2001 ;Wünsch-Filho et al, 2011) ou une semaine (Kabuto et al, 2006), trois le CM calculé, en tenant compte de l'historique de charge de la ligne et d'autres caractéristiques de la ligne (Bianchi et al, 2000 ;Kroll et al, 2010 ;Malagoli et al, 2010) tandis que la dernière se basait sur la distance entre la résidence et la ligne la plus proche (Lowenthal et al, 2007). De plus, les études prenaient en compte l'exposition de la résidence au diagnostic (Bianchi et al, 2000 ;Kabuto et al, 2006 ;Wünsch-Filho et al, 2011), à la naissance (Kroll et al, 2010) ou celle dans laquelle l'enfant avait vécu le plus longtemps avant le diagnostic (Schüz et al, 2001).…”

Campos magnéticos de frequência extremamente baixa e efeitos na saúde: revisão da literatura

“…Most suggested increased risk associated to higher exposure, although, in general, 95% Confidence Intervals had null risk in� cluded 41,53,54,55,56,57 .…”

Childhood acute leukaemia and residential 16.7 Hz magnetic fields in Germany

“…Firstly, children were considered as exposed if the magnetic field exceeded 0.2 µT at least one frequency (there was only one case and no control for which both 50 Hz-median and 16.7 Hz-median were ≥ 0.2 µT). The risk estimates reported for magnetic field exposure at 50 Hz-alone were not substantially altered (Schüz et al, 2001); the odds ratio for 16.7/50 Hz-median magnetic fields decreased slightly to 1.53 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.71-3.33) compared to 1.55 at 50 Hz. In a second approach, we divided the magnetic field intensities at both frequencies by its corresponding reference levels of 100 µT at 50 Hz and 300 µT at 16.7 Hz, as defined in the German guidelines for exposure of the general public (as recommended by ICNIRP, 1998), and then added the two respective fractions.…”

“…The methods used in this German study on childhood leukaemia and residential magnetic fields (EMF-study) have been described in detail elsewhere (Schüz et al, 2001). In brief, children diagnosed with acute leukaemia between January 1, 1990 and September 30, 1994 were selected from two recent German case-control studies on childhood cancer and a variety of potential risk factors Schüz et al, 1999).…”

“…The population basis of our study and the large study population allow a precise estimation of the distribution of 16.7 Hz magnetic fields in German residences (Schüz et al, 2000), but since magnetic fields above 0.2 µT were very rare, the statistical uncertainty in our risk estimates is substantial. The limitations due to this statistical uncertainty and to various potential sources of bias are discussed in detail elsewhere (Schüz et al, 2001). But there are 3 additional issues that should be considered when interpreting the results of the 16.7 Hz magnetic fields analysis.…”