Residual effects of organic Zn fertilizers applied before the previous crop on Zn availability and Zn uptake by flax (Linum usitatissium)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to compare the residual effect of zinc (Zn) from three Zn chelates (Zn-aminelignosulfonate, Zn-AML; Zn-polyhydroxyphenylcarboxylate, Zn-PHP; and Zn-ethylenediaminedisuccinate, Zn-EDDS), applied at two rates (5 and 10 mg Zn [kg soil] -1 , respectively) to a previous crop, for a flax crop (Linum usitatissimum L.). For the greenhouse experiment, two different soils were used: a weakly acidic soil, classified as Typic Haploxeralf (Soil acid ), and a calcareous soil, classified as Typic Calcixerept (Soil calc ). Plant availability of soil Zn was evaluated using the DTPA-triethanolamine (TEA), Mehlich 3, and low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) methods. Easily leachable Zn was determined, and soil Zn status was characterized based on the Zn distribution in different fractions obtained by a sequential extraction. The Zn reserves after the previous crop were substantial and ranged from 2.85% to 5.61% of available Zn (Mehlich 3-extractable) with respect to the applied Zn. Plant parameters such as dry-matter yield, total Zn, and soluble Zn concentrations were measured, and Zn utilization by plants was calculated. In both soils, the highest concentrations of available Zn were associated with the application of Zn-AML at a rate of 10 mg Zn kg -1 . In Soil acid the largest quantity of easily leachable Zn was also observed with Zn-AML fertilizer. Similarly, Zn-AML resulted in the highest Zn concentration in flax seeds (229 mg Zn kg -1 and 72 mg Zn kg -1 for the highest rate of Zn application to Soil acid and Soil calc , respectively). The results suggest that these Zn chelates resulted in a residual effect in soils with appropriate concentrations of the most labile fractions of Zn and available Zn, particularly when Zn-AML was applied at the highest rate. This chelate was more effective in Soil acid than in Soil calc . In the weakly acidic soil at the lowest Zn level it was associated with the highest percentage of Zn utilization by the flax plant and the most effective Zn transfer from soil to the plant.

Identification, Characterization and gene expression of ZIP gene family in Phaseolus vulgaris

“…The Inadequate zinc and iron can result in etiolation, wilting, and even death (Vert et al 2001). The primary reason for zinc deficiency in plants is soil with low levels of Zn and Fe (Almendros et al 2013). Approximately 30% of the world's agricultural area is Zn-deficient, which affects both grain yield and the Zn concentration in grains (Paul 2015).…”

Genome-Wide Identification of Wheat ZIP Gene Family and Functional Characterization of the TaZIP13-B in Plants

“…Inadequate zinc and iron can result in etiolation, wilting, and even death ( Vert et al, 2001 ). The primary reason for zinc deficiency in plants is soil with low levels of Zn and Fe ( Almendros et al, 2013 ). Approximately 30% of the world’s agricultural area is Zn-deficient, which affects both grain yield and the Zn concentration in grains ( Paul, 2015 ).…”

Effects of ZnSO4 and Zn‐EDTA applied by broadcasting or by banding on soil Zn fractions and Zn uptake by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under greenhouse conditions

“…The chelated Zn source (i.e., Zn-EDTA) applied to soil could produce higher concentrations of Ex-Zn than ZnSO 4 with increasing application rates (Kumar and Qureshi, 2012;Gonzalez et al, 2016). Therefore, it can be assumed that Zn chelates resulted in a residual effect in soil with appropriate concentrations of Ex-Zn to the subsequent crops (Almendros et al, 2013b). However, the increasing application rate of ZnSO 4 produced an increase in the concentrations of Carb-Zn and TOM-Zn fractions, and had no significant effect on the concentration of Ex-Zn (Lu et al, 2012).…”