Abstract:Thick plate with high tensile strength steel is increasingly employed for offshore structure fabrication, and welding residual stress is essential for assessment of mechanical performance and fatigue toughness. Therefore, it has been becoming the research issue to evaluate the distribution and magnitude of welding residual stress during butt welding of thick plate. With its advantages, contour method (CM) can be used for longitudinal residual stress evaluation by means of measuring sectional shrinkage after cu… Show more
“…Measurement techniques used within the proposed database include a combination of DHD, ND and CM (discussed in greater detail in other reports [16,17]). Figure 3 Experimental through-thickness residual stress profiles gathered from literature illustrating comparison between austenitic and ferritic pipe girth weld measurements using a combination of DHD, ND and CM with BS 7910 low heat input upper bound [12,27–34]. …”
Section: Database Of Transverse Residual Stress Measurementsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Statistical analysis of pipe girth welds has been carried out in previous studies [10–12] by combining the results of different pipes. This method involves normalising the measurement position relative to the internal surface of the pipe ( z ) by the section thickness ( B ) and the magnitude of residual stress by the material yield strength .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Figure3. Experimental through-thickness residual stress profiles gathered from literature illustrating comparison between austenitic and ferritic pipe girth weld measurements using a combination of DHD, ND and CM with BS 7910 low heat input upper bound[12,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34].…”
Residual stresses created from welding have a direct influence on fracture mechanisms of cracks and flaws in and around welded regions. Excessive residual stress can lead to unexpected failures and an important property in fitness-for-service calculations. In this work, an experimental database of the residual stress of low heat input austenitic girth welds is analysed for statistical correlation. The combined measurement profiles indicate normality throughout the weld thickness. Two-sample tests of grouped datasets were additionally carried out to examine potential relationships within the data. Presented measurements were characterised by location from weld centre, and similarly, by pipe aspect ratio. Results indicate a moderate influence of dimension ratio on residual stress in piping components suggesting potential for additional consideration in fitness-for-service procedures.
“…Measurement techniques used within the proposed database include a combination of DHD, ND and CM (discussed in greater detail in other reports [16,17]). Figure 3 Experimental through-thickness residual stress profiles gathered from literature illustrating comparison between austenitic and ferritic pipe girth weld measurements using a combination of DHD, ND and CM with BS 7910 low heat input upper bound [12,27–34]. …”
Section: Database Of Transverse Residual Stress Measurementsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Statistical analysis of pipe girth welds has been carried out in previous studies [10–12] by combining the results of different pipes. This method involves normalising the measurement position relative to the internal surface of the pipe ( z ) by the section thickness ( B ) and the magnitude of residual stress by the material yield strength .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Figure3. Experimental through-thickness residual stress profiles gathered from literature illustrating comparison between austenitic and ferritic pipe girth weld measurements using a combination of DHD, ND and CM with BS 7910 low heat input upper bound[12,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34].…”
Residual stresses created from welding have a direct influence on fracture mechanisms of cracks and flaws in and around welded regions. Excessive residual stress can lead to unexpected failures and an important property in fitness-for-service calculations. In this work, an experimental database of the residual stress of low heat input austenitic girth welds is analysed for statistical correlation. The combined measurement profiles indicate normality throughout the weld thickness. Two-sample tests of grouped datasets were additionally carried out to examine potential relationships within the data. Presented measurements were characterised by location from weld centre, and similarly, by pipe aspect ratio. Results indicate a moderate influence of dimension ratio on residual stress in piping components suggesting potential for additional consideration in fitness-for-service procedures.
“…Since the contour method premises on macroscopic mechanical relaxation, it is, therefore, indifferent to material features on the atomic level. Zhang et al [17] showed that the contour method is very suitable for evaluating residual stresses in welds at high thicknesses.…”
The effect of the heat treatment on the residual stresses of welded cladded steel samples is analyzed in this study. The residual stresses across the plate’s square sections were determined using complementary methods; applying diffraction with neutron radiation and mechanically using the contour method. The analysis of the large coarse grain austenitic cladded layers, at the feasibility limits of diffraction methods, was only made possible by applying both methods. The samples are composed of steel plates, coated on one of the faces with stainless steel filler metals, this coating process, usually known as cladding, was carried out by submerged arc welding. After cladding, the samples were submitted to two different heat treatments with dissimilar parameters: one at a temperature of 620 °C maintained for 1 h and, the second at 540 °C, for ten hours. There was some difference in residual stresses measured by the two techniques along the surface of the coating in the as-welded state, although they are similar at the welding interface and in the heat-affected zone. The results also show that there is a residual stress relaxation for both heat-treated samples. The heat treatment carried out at a higher temperature showed sometimes more than 50% reduction in the initial residual stress values and has the advantage of being less time consuming, giving it an industrial advantage and making it more viable economically.
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