“…One option beyond the resilience measurement impasse suggested by some of the authors is to move away from specific metrics towards more generic and globally comparable resilience dividends (see, for example, Rodin, 2014;Bond et al, 2017). The costs of building resilience-be they public or private expenditures-need to be considered in relation to the potential multiple benefits of these multi-faceted projects, which not only help individuals and communities survive hazards but also generate other co-benefits for society, the local economy and the environment, enhancing productivity and well-being-all of which add to the overall value of resilience initiatives (Tanner et al, 2015a(Tanner et al, , 2015bKing-Okumu et al, 2017, 2018Coulibaly et al, 2018).…”