Resistance in cereals to the cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) in Victoria

Abstract

Two hundred and seventy cereal species and cultivars (wheat, barley, oats, rye, and Triticales), were field tested for resistance to the cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae Woll.) in Victoria. Tests were made in the Wimmera District at Natimuk (1952-1954) and in the Mallee District at Walpeup (1953), and Sea Lake (1966-1969). Some species and cultivars were tested at all sites, but most were tested at one site only. All wheats tested were susceptible or very susceptible, and all Triticales were susceptible. Two barley cultivars, Morocco and Marocaine 079 were resistant, and two others were moderately resistant. The oat species, Avena sterilis and A. strigosa were resistant and fifteen cultivars of A. sativa were moderately resistant. Rye, CV. South Australian, possesses a high degree of resistance in contrast to European ryes.

Breeding for resistance to cereal cyst nematode in wheat

“…Soil from an infested wheat stubble field at the Sea Lake site used by BROWN & MEAGHER (1970) was used for routine resistance screening. A 200 g sub-sample in 7 cm diameter pots was found to provide adequate infestation for screening single plants.…”

“…The use of cereal varieties resistant to female development is an effective means of reducing infestation and improving yield on infested soils (HAYES & COTTEN, 1971), but despite extensive field tests of local and introduced wheats (BROWN & MEAGHER, 1970), no source of resistance to the Australian nematode was known in wheat prior to 1972. O'BRIEN (1972) reported that the introduction AUS 10894 appeared resistant in South Australia, and BROWN (1974) has confirmed that both AUS 10894 and another introduction, AUS 11577, possess a comparatively high, though not absolute, resistance to female cyst development, combined with good root growth despite nematode invasion, when tested against nematodes from 17 different areas of the Victorian wheat belt.…”

Suggestions for Determination and Terminology of Pathotypes and Genes for Resistance in Cyst‐forming Nematodes, especially Heterodera avenae1

“…Ha13. The Australian nematode populations of H. avenae are quite different from European populations, as Bajo Aragon and the oat selection 6403 18-40-2-1 are susceptible (Brown, 1969 ;Brown & Meagher, 1970 ;O'Brien & Fisher, 1979). Another difference is that G resistant )) cultivars like Martin 403-02, Loros, and AUS 10894 are not completely free of cysts, but produce approximately 20 06 of the cysts that occur on the susceptible cultivars.…”

The Breeding and Use of Varieties Resistant to Heterodera avenae1

“…In the United Kingdom, three races are found (Cook, 1975). Results from Australia and India indicate that in that hemisphere the nematode has a different host pattern from that of the European races (Mathison, 1966 ;Brown, 1969 ;Brown & Meagher, 1970 ;Mathur et a/., 1974). The complicated race situation makes it difficult to breed resistant varieties which will be suitable in all countries.…”