Resistance of barley cultivars approved for use in Russia to harmful organisms and toxic aluminum ions

Абдуллаев, Р. А.; Batasheva, B. A.; Алпатьева, Н. В.; Chumakov, M. A.; Radchenko, E. E.; Ковалева, Ольга Николаевна; Яковлева, О В

doi:10.30901/2227-8834-2020-3-120-127

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…In the Krasnodar Territory and other regions of Russia, where barley occupies vast areas, only varieties susceptible to the insect are cultivated, which does not contribute to the formation and selection of aphid phenotypes with specific virulence. Among the 248 barley cultivars included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use in Russia, only 11 cultivars have plants with distinct resistance to the greenbug [24]. Obviously, the virulence phenotypes (biotypes) of the aphid in the North Caucasus are formed only when they feed on wild grasses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of Barley Accessions from East Asia for Greenbug Resistance

Radchenko,

Abdullaev,

Akimova

et al. 2023

Plants

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The greenbug, Schizaphis graminum, is a dangerous pest of barley and other grain crops in the south of Russia. An effective and environmentally friendly way to control this insect is to cultivate resistant varieties. The differential interaction between the phytophage and host plants necessitates the search for new donors of resistance. Seven hundred and seventy-eight accessions of barley from East Asian countries (313 from China, 450 from Japan, and 15 from Nepal) were evaluated for greenbug resistance. The Krasnodar population of the insect and clones isolated from it were used in the experiments. Forty heterogeneous accessions were identified, in which plants with a high level of resistance to the aphid were found. As a result of damage assessment by the 108 S. graminum clones of 11 lines selected from heterogeneous accessions, 52 insect virulence phenotypes were identified. Experiments with aphid test clones showed that all 11 lines possess diverse greenbug resistance alleles, which differ from the previously identified Rsg1, but their efficiency is low. The frequency of clones virulent to ten lines and the cultivar Post (a carrier of the Rsg1 gene) varies from 60.4% to 98.0%. The exception is line 15903, which is resistant to the aphid population and protected by one dominant gene. The high resistance of other lines against a part of the natural population of S. graminum is also under oligogenic control. Lines 15600 and 16190 each have one dominant resistance gene, and line 28129 is protected by two genes, the dominant and recessive ones. A recessive resistance gene is presumably present in line 15600. Lines 16237/1 and 16237/2, isolated from the same collection accession, each have one dominant gene effective against individual aphid clones. The loss of effectiveness of distinctly manifested resistance genes causes the expression of previously masked genes with a weak phenotypic manifestation, which differentially interact with insect genotypes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of Barley Accessions from East Asia for Greenbug Resistance

Radchenko,

Abdullaev,

Akimova

et al. 2023

Plants

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Genetic diversity of naked barley accessions from the VIR collection for resistance to powdery mildew in the North-West Region of the Russian Federation

Lukina,

Abdullaev,

Alpatieva

et al. 2024

Ecological genetics

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BACKGROUND: Barley is an important grain crop characterized by adaptability to various growing conditions. In recent years close attention has been paid to groups of naked barley which compared to covered barley is more susceptible to the influence of pathogens, that decreases the yield and quality of grain. Powdery mildew is the most harmful diseases of barley (caused by the biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis (DC.) Golovin ex Speer f. sp. hordei Marchal). The search for new promising sources of resistance to powdery mildew is necessary for barley breeding. AIM: The aim is studying the powdery mildew resistance of naked spring barley accessions from the world collection of VIR and identifying promising sources for economically valuable traits. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In field and laboratory conditions 271 of naked barley accessions of different ecological and geographical origin were studied for powdery mildew resistance and other economically valuable traits (lodging resistance, duration of the vegetative period, yield). The pathogen inoculum for laboratory work was represented by the north-western population of the pathogen. The resistance of barley samples was assessed in the field using the VIR point scale, in the laboratory using the E.B. Mains, S.M. Dietz point scale. The highly effective to powdery mildew resistance allele mlo11 was identified using PCR. RESULTS: The diversity of barley of different origins in resistance to powdery mildew is shown. 16 samples mainly from Europe, local forms from Ethiopia, Japan and India, were found to be resistant in field condition. According to the results of the assessment at the juvenile stage, 1 highly resistant sample k-31058 and 5 moderately resistant (k-20923, k-25801, k-27165, k-29911, k-30231) were identified. The naked forms k-20923 from Germany and k-29911 from Poland were resistant at all stages of plant development. The mlo11 allele was detected in the Arabische variety (k-20923) and heterogeneous pathogen resistance accessions k-20921, k-25793, k-27080, k-29440, k-29820. CONCLUSIONS: As a result of the work the sources of resistance to powdery mildew with a complex of economically valuable traits were identified, which can be involve in the breeding.

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Adaptive potential of breeding lines of spring barley in conditions of Kuznetsk Depression

Мартынова

Pakul

2021

Sib. vestn. s-h. nauki

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Adaptive properties of spring barley in the conditions of the Kuznetsk depression have been studied. The objects of the research are ﬁve medium-ripening breeding lines of spring barley. The breeding lines were studied in a nursery of competitive varietal trials in 2016-2020. The soil of the experimental plot is leached chernozem, heavy loam with a medium granulometric composition. The repetition was fourfold, the seeding rate (optimal for spring barley in the cultivation zone) 450 pcs / m2. The sowing dates were April 29 - May 5, the harvesting was done with a Sampo 130 combine at the stage of full ripeness of spring barley samples (August 12-15). The experiment was carried out in comparison with the standard cultivar Biom. The parameters of environmental plasticity (bj), stability (S2dj), the environmental conditions index (Ij) were calculated according to the method developed by S.A. Eberchart and W.A. Russel, which examines the positive response of the genotype to the improved growing conditions. Under contrasting growing conditions of spring barley in the years of research, it was found that the environment factor had a signiﬁcant inﬂuence on the yield - 82.6%, the share of genotype inﬂuence was 1.4%. The average yield over the years of the study of spring barley in the nursery of competitive variety trials was 5.51 t/ha, the maximum average yield has a breeding line KM-198/11 - 6.45 t/ha. Genotypes with the highest adaptive properties were identiﬁed: KM-198/11 (bi = 0.24, Si2 = 2.59), Nutans 12/16 (bi = 0.24, Si2 = 2.18) with yield variability of 25.9-29.2% (Biom standard - 46.1%). The medium-maturing selection line of spring barley KM-198/11, having above-average adaptive properties, is prepared for submission for state variety testing in 2021 as the variety Kuzbass Jubilee. The main advantages of the variety were revealed: high drought tolerance, resistance to lodging and blight, high productivity (6.45-8.50 t/ha), large grain size (53.2 g), medium reaction to stress factors (reduced productivity). Grain crude protein content was 13.6-14.1%, the ﬁlm content 8.4%, the natural weight 620 g/l.

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Resistance of barley cultivars approved for use in Russia to harmful organisms and toxic aluminum ions

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Genetic Diversity of Barley Accessions from East Asia for Greenbug Resistance

Genetic Diversity of Barley Accessions from East Asia for Greenbug Resistance

Genetic diversity of naked barley accessions from the VIR collection for resistance to powdery mildew in the North-West Region of the Russian Federation

Adaptive potential of breeding lines of spring barley in conditions of Kuznetsk Depression

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