Resistance of Bt-maize (MON810) against the stem borers Busseola fusca (Fuller) and Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) and its yield performance in Kenya

Tefera, Tadele; Mugo, Stephen; Mwimali, Murenga; Bruce, Anani Y.; Tende, Regina; Beyene, Yoseph; Gichuki, S.; Oikeh, Sylvester O.; Nang’ayo, F.; Okeno, James A.; Njeru, E S; Pillay, Kiru; Meisel, Barbara; Prasanna, B. M.

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2016.07.023

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This result is in line with studies conducted with MON 810 or Bt maize in different non-EU countries and regions that are subject to high pressure of certain maize insect pests. The conclusions consistently confirm an increased yield compared to the cultivation of conventional maize [39,[45][46][47].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Results from ten years of post-market environmental monitoring of genetically modified MON 810 maize in the European Union

Bertho

Schmidt²,

Schmidtke³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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In European regulations for the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms (GMO), the objective of General Surveillance in Post-Market Environmental Monitoring is defined as the identification of the occurrence of adverse effects of the GMO or its use which were not anticipated in the environmental risk assessment (ERA). Accompanying the commercial cultivation in the EU of maize event MON 810, General Surveillance was implemented by Monsanto, the authorization holder, on a voluntary basis. We carried out a statistical analysis on the pooled results of ten years of farmer questionnaires, which were a part of this General Surveillance, amounting to 2,627 farmer fields in eight European countries in the period 2006-2015. This analysis did not reveal any unexpected adverse effects associated with the cultivation of MON 810. Results from farmer questionnaires confirmed that the cultivation of MON 810 resulted in a significant reduction in the use of pesticides, efficient protection against the target pests, and healthier, higher yielding crops compared to conventional maize. MON 810 also had reduced susceptibility to disease and pests when compared to conventional maize. Monitoring characteristics related to environment and wildlife revealed no significant differences between MON 810 and conventional maize. Literature searches, that were also conducted as part of General Surveillance, identified a comprehensive set of publications addressing environmental safety as well as food and feed safety aspects of MON 810. None of the publications indicated any adverse effect of MON 810 that was not anticipated in the initial ERA, nor did they lead to a change in the conclusions of the initial risk assessment that demonstrated the safety of MON 810. The development of resistance by the target pests (Ostrinia nubilalis, ECB and Sesamia nonagrioides, MCB) was the only potential adverse effect identified in the ERA of MON 810 cultivation in the EU. The extensive safety data package for MON 810, the robust weight of evidence demonstrating both its safety and benefits, and the history of safe use of MON 810 for 15 years in the EU, indicates that focussing the General Surveillance of MON 810 on literature searches and farmer complaint systems would be appropriately protective. This will

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Results from ten years of post-market environmental monitoring of genetically modified MON 810 maize in the European Union

Bertho

Schmidt²,

Schmidtke³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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“…Significance of insects and diseases observed on maize during the trials: Maize was sensitive to a diversity of insects as indicated by Steffey et al, 1999 andJean &Boisclair (2009). Lepidoptera are more likely to cause damage to maize (Ortega, 1988;Kfir, 1997;Tafera et al, 2016). Among Lepidopteran pests known in Cote d'Ivoire, only E. saccharina was found in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Impact of Soil Fertility Management Practices on Insect Pests and Diseases of Maize in Southwest Cote d’Ivoire

Nandjui¹,

Adja²,

Kouadio³

et al. 2019

J. App. Bioscience.

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Objectives: Integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) is essential for sustainable management of tropical soils. However, soil fertility management is able to affect plant susceptibility to pests and diseases. The study investigated impact of soil fertilization practices on maize pests and diseases during two identical and simultaneous trials setup in SouthWest Cote d'Ivoire. Methodology and Results: Experiments were laid out using complete randomized block designs with three replicates and four treatments: (1) control; (2) chemical fertilization; (3) fertilization with cattle manure; (4) association "maize + legume" combined with chemical fertilization. Overall, 22 insect species collected and two diseases (maize streak disease and curvularia leaf spots) observed at both sites. Only cattle manure clearly increased pest and disease damages. The use of cattle manure significantly increased leaf infestation rate and maize streak disease frequency at both sites. Similar impact of NPK and cattle manure was obtained on maize yields either in monocropping or in mix cropping. Conclusions and application of findings: This study clearly confirmed that ISFM is able to affect plant susceptibility to pests and diseases. Cattle manure attracted a diversity of insects of diverse functional groups such as airborne pests. These latter affected some plant parts; in this case, maize leaves which infestation rate significantly increased. This attraction for multitude insects may increase vector-borne diseases such as maize streak which frequency significantly increased at both sites. Consequently, despite the potential of cattle manure to increase maize yield, their use as organic fertilizer requires to take some precautions. So, the promotion of cattle manure as organic fertilizer in substitution of chemical fertilizer in tropical regions where it is available is encouraged. However, it should be converted into compost or pre-treated for optimal use in agriculture. Finally, mix cropping could be suggested for optimization of economic profit.

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“…Maize plants expressing the Bt toxin are also widely applied for control of the insect pests B. fusca and C. partellus (Mugo et al, ; Tefera et al, ). However, similar resistance problems as found for the fall armyworm have been found when applying the Bt technology for the control of B. fusca .…”

Section: Biotechnology a Tool To Limit Invasive Insect Pest Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Defining biotechnological solutions for insect control in sub‐Saharan Africa

Botha

Kunert

Malinga

et al. 2019

Food and Energy Security

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Africa is burdened by food insecurity with nearly a billion people suffering from starvation, undernutrition, and malnutrition. Climate change prediction models forecast changes in rainfall patterns and rising temperature regimes, with impacts particularly on Southern and East Africa. These predictions are especially concerning for the production of major food crops, such as maize, sorghum, millet, and groundnut, because median temperature increases are associated with increased pest pressure and changes in migratory patterns. These factors will result in significantly more pest invasions and an increased need for innovative insect management practices. This review focuses on pest control strategies, highlighting important examples, their economic impact, and new alternative pest control strategies. African policymakers remain hesitant to move forward with establishing biosafety laws and commercializing GM crops, and it is often difficult to implement regulatory measures in smallholder agriculture to increase efficacy.

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Resistance of Bt-maize (MON810) against the stem borers Busseola fusca (Fuller) and Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) and its yield performance in Kenya

Cited by 27 publications

References 24 publications

Results from ten years of post-market environmental monitoring of genetically modified MON 810 maize in the European Union

Results from ten years of post-market environmental monitoring of genetically modified MON 810 maize in the European Union

Impact of Soil Fertility Management Practices on Insect Pests and Diseases of Maize in Southwest Cote d’Ivoire

Defining biotechnological solutions for insect control in sub‐Saharan Africa

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