Resistance ofLasioderma serricorne(Coleoptera: Anobiidae) to Fumigation with Phosphine

Abstract

Lasioderma serricorne (F.) is a serious pest of stored products that is known to be resistant to the fumigant pesticide gas phosphine. This study investigated resistance in populations from the southeastern United States, and determined if a recommended treatment schedule could kill resistant insects. A laboratory assay for adult insects was developed that used a discriminating concentration of 50 ppm phosphine applied to insects for 20 h at 25°C followed by 7 d of recovery in air. Survivors were classified as resistant. L. serricorne from six different field populations associated with stored tobacco were surveyed with the assay and all had resistant individuals. Four populations had greater than 90% of their insects resistant. Two industry-recommended treatment schedules were evaluated in laboratory fumigations against mixed life stage cultures of the four most resistant populations: the first at 200 ppm for 4 d at 25°C for controlling phosphine-susceptible L. serricorne and the second at 600 ppm for 6 d at 25°C intended to control phosphine-resistant beetles. The four populations with the highest frequency of resistant individuals from the field sampling study were not controlled by the "normal" treatment intended for susceptible insects. The higher concentration treatment greatly reduced beetle progeny from mixed-stage colony jars, but there were substantial numbers of surviving adults from all four highly resistant populations that represented unacceptable levels of control.

Laboratory evaluation of particle size, food contamination, and residual efficacy of pyrethrin + methoprene aerosol

“…L. serricorne is known to be a serious pest of tobacco, but it can develop on a wide range of food products even though it does not feed as an adult (Abdelgahny et al, 2016). The adults live only 1-2 weeks (Sağlam et al, 2015), hence an aerosol with a residual IGR may be more useful for management of this species compared to a surface contact adulticide. The strain of L. serricorne used in this study was extremely susceptible to methoprene, as larvae exposed to residues from the 2µm application could not develop past the pupal stage, in contrast to development in the other species.…”

Effect of Time and Concentration on Mortality of the Cigarette Beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (F.), Fumigated With Phosphine

“…The tobacco industry has successfully managed the resistance problem to date by revising the industrial fumigation protocol (9). However, the industry has been encountering with increasing resistance (12) and it has become necessary to revise the fumigation protocols, one after another. The efficacy of phosphine is determined by three factors: concentration, time, and temperature and it is necessary to consider each of these three independent variables in adjusting the fumigation protocol for beetles showing a stronger resistance.…”

Spinetoram’ın fasulye üzerinde fasulye tohum böceği, Acanthocelides obtectus Say. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)’a karşı rezidüel toksisitesi

“…Currently, phosphine (PH3) gas has been used for fumigation of stored beans infested by the insect pests. But resistance problems of phosphine has already reported in a number of countries, with very high levels of resistance in some parts of Asia and Africa (Mills, 1983;Taylor & Halliday, 1986;Taylor, 1989;Zettler, 1997;Sayaboc et al, 1998;Rajendran, 1999), Australia (Collins et al, 2001;Nayak et al, 2010;Emery et al, 2011) more recently in America (Opit et al, 2012;Saglam et al, 2015). The synthetic insecticides used against stored bean insects are primarily organophosphorus and pyrethroid compounds, and the residues from a single application can often prevent insects from establishing in stored beans.…”