Resistance to Dieldrin in Lucilia cuprina Wied., the Australian Sheep Blowfly

Shanahan, G. J.

doi:10.1038/181860a0

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…What has been established is that dieldrin resistance in Lucilia cuprina is of the same type as that found in Anopheles gambiae, C?mex Iectularius, Pediculm httmanus and Musca domestica. It is also of interest that recent work of SHANAHAN (1960b) indicates that inheritance of the resistance in L. cuprina is similar to that in A. gambiae. These facts allow certain predictions about the potential growth and spread of the trouble, by analogy with happenings in other insects.…”

Section: O N C L U S I O N Smentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Accordingly, it was decided to obtain, by laborator~r selection, the homogeneous resistant colony necessary for both the toxicological and genetic work. This was done in Australia and the way in which it was accomplished is described by SHANAHAN (1960a). When it seemed that a pure resistant strain had been obtained, a colony was sent to Britain by air, in 1959.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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THE RESISTANCE SPECTRUM OF A DIELDIIN‐RESSTRANT STRAIN OF THE BLOWFLY (LUCILIA CUPRINA WIED.)

Busvine

Shanahan

1961

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Strains of Lucilia cuprina showing resistance to dieldrin and aldrin appeared in Australia after 3 years successful use of these insecticides. In the laboratory these showed a “resistance spectrum” similar to that of Anopheles gambiae, Cimex lectularius, Pediculus humanus and Musca domestica. Zusammenfassung DAS RESISTENZSPEKTRUM EINES DIELDRINRESISTENTEN STAMMES DER SCHAFSCHMEISSFLIEGE (LUCILIA CUPRINA WIED.) In Austrafien waren Dieldrin und Aldrin ctwa drei Jahre lang erfolgreich zum Schutz von Schafen gegen die Schmeißfliege Lucilia cuprina angewendet worden, als Fehlschiäge infolge eiasetzender Resistenz aufzutreten begannen. Stämme normaler und resistenter Schmeißfliegen wurden gezüchtet und im Laboratorium untersucht. Zweigkolonien einschließlich eines durch Selektion bereinigten resistenten Stammes wurden nach London gesandt und Kreuz‐Resistenzmessungen vorgenommen. Das sich ergebende Resistenzspektrum für die BHC/Dieldrin‐Gruppe der Insektizide enwies sich ähnlich dem von vier anderen Insektenarten, nämlich Anopheles gambiae, Cimex lectularius, Pediculux humanus und Musca domestica, die den gldchen Resistenztyp entwickelt haben. Das weist auf einen ähnlichen Abwehrmechanismus hin.

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Section: O N C L U S I O N Smentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE RESISTANCE SPECTRUM OF A DIELDIIN‐RESSTRANT STRAIN OF THE BLOWFLY (LUCILIA CUPRINA WIED.)

Busvine

Shanahan

1961

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…The practice of surgical mulesing, as well as various chemical insecticides, has been used to control this formidable pest. However, fly populations often evolved resistance rapidly [7-10]. Research into the genetic and biochemical mechanisms of resistance has provided some of the best examples of genetic adaptation to selection [11-13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification, analysis, and linkage mapping of expressed sequence tags from the Australian sheep blowfly

et al. 2011

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BackgroundThe Australian sheep blowfly Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is a destructive pest of the sheep, a model organism for insecticide resistance research, and a valuable tool for medical and forensic professionals. However, genomic information on L. cuprina is still sparse.ResultsWe report here the construction of an embryonic and 2 larval cDNA libraries for L. cuprina. A total of 29,816 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were obtained and assembled into 7,464 unique clusters. The sequence collection captures a great diversity of genes, including those related to insecticide resistance (e.g., 12 cytochrome P450s, 2 glutathione S transferases, and 6 esterases). Compared to Drosophila melanogaster, codon preference is different in 13 of the 18 amino acids encoded by redundant codons, reflecting the lower overall GC content in L. cuprina. In addition, we demonstrated that the ESTs could be converted into informative gene markers by capitalizing on the known gene structures in the model organism D. melanogaster. We successfully assigned 41 genes to their respective chromosomes in L. cuprina. The relative locations of these loci revealed high but incomplete chromosomal synteny between L. cuprina and D. melanogaster.ConclusionsOur results represent the first major transcriptomic undertaking in L. cuprina. These new genetic resources could be useful for the blowfly and insect research community.

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“…The high level resistance to dieldrin in 1957 (Shanahan 1958) and butacarb in 1967 (Roxburgh and Shanahan 1973) of Lucilia cuprina, the fly responsible for most myiasis of sheep in Australia (Mackerras and Fuller 1937;Watts et al 1976), prevented further use of these insecticides. In contrast, when OP resistance first occured in L. cuprina (Shanahan and Hart 1966), it was not of a high order.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CGA‐72662—A new sheep blowfly insecticide

et al. 1982

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The efficiency of 2-cyclopropylamino-4, 6-diamino-s-triazine CGA-72662 (proposed common name: cyromazine) for the control of blowfly strike was tested in fly cage and field trials on sheep. The safety to sheep and physico-chemical properties of the compound as they relate to blowfly control were also assessed. When the sheep were thoroughly jetted with a solution of CGA-72662 containing 1g of active ingredient per litre, the mean incidence of fly strike in 7 field trials was reduced from 16.5% to 1.5% over a period of 9 weeks. The incidence of strike in the treated sheep in 2 insectary tests, which imposed levels of fly activity far in excess of that usually encountered in the field, was reduced from 93% and 73% in untreated sheep to 2% and nil respectively over a period of 8 weeks. Jetting with CGA-72662 solutions 100 times greater than the recommended concentration did not produce any side effects in sheep. Three treatments at twice the recommended concentration during the first trimester did not affect pregnant ewes nor their progeny. The compound was safe to use in combination with common anthelmintics and with sheep dips used for control of lice. CGA-72662 was stable in solution. No stripping occurred in dips and it persisted on wool for a considerable period. A satisfactory alternative to the organophosphorus insecticides has been found in CGA-72662, since it provided a substantial increase in residual protection against blowfly strike with a high degree of safety.

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Resistance to Dieldrin in Lucilia cuprina Wied., the Australian Sheep Blowfly

Cited by 23 publications

References 1 publication

THE RESISTANCE SPECTRUM OF A DIELDIIN‐RESSTRANT STRAIN OF THE BLOWFLY (LUCILIA CUPRINA WIED.)

THE RESISTANCE SPECTRUM OF A DIELDIIN‐RESSTRANT STRAIN OF THE BLOWFLY (LUCILIA CUPRINA WIED.)

Identification, analysis, and linkage mapping of expressed sequence tags from the Australian sheep blowfly

CGA‐72662—A new sheep blowfly insecticide

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