Resistance to downy mildew (Peronospora viciae) in Australian field pea germplasm (Pisum sativum)

Davidson, Jenny; Krysinska-Kaczmarek, M.; Leonforte, Antonio; McMurray, Larn

doi:10.1007/s13313-011-0084-4

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…As in the current study, Stegmark (1991) [ 22 ] incubated plants at temperatures between 12 °C and 15 °C and at 100% relative humidity. The success of using soil as a natural source of inoculum to bulk sporangia and achieve P. pisi infection was reported by Davidson et al (2011) [ 9 ]. Comparatively, Davidson et al (2011) [ 9 ] placed pea seeds in a tray with potting mix and added a 2-cm layer of infested soil on top of the seeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The success of using soil as a natural source of inoculum to bulk sporangia and achieve P. pisi infection was reported by Davidson et al (2011) [ 9 ]. Comparatively, Davidson et al (2011) [ 9 ] placed pea seeds in a tray with potting mix and added a 2-cm layer of infested soil on top of the seeds. This slight difference in methodology between the 1991 and 2011 studies and the current study is unlikely to explain the differences in disease expression in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Breeding pea lines for resistance towards P. pisi has occurred in New Zealand since 1980 [ 6 ]. Differential cultivars are often screened against natural populations of P. pisi ; such studies have identified virulence variations and physiological specialization between isolates, leading to informal descriptions of P. pisi pathotypes [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Often cultivars are assessed under field conditions; however, the innate variability and low reproducibility associated with field testing means a controlled lab screening method is desired.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biotrophic organisms, such as downy mildews, are difficult to maintain under laboratory conditions, and can be maintained on living host plants through successive transfers between infected and healthy tissues. Pea plants are most commonly inoculated with P. pisi using a spore suspension [ 7 , 8 , 10 , 11 , 12 ], and success has been reported using naturally infested soil [ 9 ]; however, these studies do not consider the potential for asymptomatic infection. Thus, the aim of this technical study was to evaluate bioassay techniques that would enable the screening of pea plants against P. pisi in a controlled laboratory setting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short Communication: Latent Detection of Downy Mildew (Peronospora pisi) in Bioassays against Pisum sativum

2021

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Downy mildew of peas is caused by the obligate parasite Peronospora pisi, which occurs sporadically throughout temperate pea-growing regions across the world. To screen pea lines against this biotrophic pathogen, a suitable and reproducible in vitro method using living plant material is required. Field screening can be influenced by environmental factors, thus giving variable results. The aim of this study was to develop a method that could reliably be used to screen pea cultivars against P. pisi in a laboratory setting. A range of bioassays were used to test various methods of inoculation, utilizing sporangia and naturally infested soil. Latent infection was achieved by planting seeds in soil collected from a site with a known history of P. pisi infection and directly inoculating young pea plants with sporangia. Out of the 108 plants which survived the experimental period, only two plants expressed visible signs of disease; however, through a two-step nested PCR process we detected latent infection in 24 plants. This research highlights the importance of considering the presence of latent infection when screening pea lines against downy mildew.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short Communication: Latent Detection of Downy Mildew (Peronospora pisi) in Bioassays against Pisum sativum

2021

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“…Other foliar diseases outside of the Ascochyta blight complex can also be significant. First, downy mildew is also considered an important disease worldwide (Biddle 2001;Kraft 2001), including in Australia (Barbetti et al 1989;Davidson et al 2004Davidson et al , 2011a, significantly reducing seed yield (Biddle 2001;Davidson et al 2004). While metalaxyl as a seed dressing can manage downy mildew (Biddle 2001), farmers are reluctant to do so because of perceived cost or the deleterious effect upon rhizobium inoculant (Davidson and Ramsey 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

Challenges With Managing Disease Complexes During Application of Different Measures Against Foliar Diseases of Field Pea

Barbetti

Khan

Pritchard³

et al. 2021

Plant Disease

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Studies were undertaken across five field locations in Western Australia to determine the relative changes in disease severity and subsequent field pea yield from up to four foliar pathogens associated with a field pea foliar disease complex (viz. Didymella, Phoma, Peronospora, Septoria), across four different pea varieties sown at three different times and at three different densities. Delaying sowing of field pea significantly (P<0.05) reduced severity of Ascochyta blight (all five locations) and Septoria blight (1 location), increased severity of downy mildew (4 locations), but had no effect on seed yield. In relation to Ascochyta blight severity at 80 days after sowing, at all locations the early time of sowing had significantly (P<0.05) more severe Ascochyta blight than the mid and late times of sowing. Increasing actual plant density from 20-25 plants m-2 to 58-78 plants m-2 significantly (P<0.05) increased the severity of the Ascochyta blight (4 locations) and downy mildew (1 location), and increased seed yield at four locations irrespective of sowing date and three locations irrespective of variety. Compared with varieties Dundale, Wirrega and Pennant, variety Alma showed significantly (P<0.05) less severe Ascochyta blight (1 location), downy mildew (1 location) and Septoria blight (1 location). Grain yield was highest for the early time of sowing at three locations. Varieties Alma, Dundale and Wirrega significantly (P<0.05) out yielded Pennant at four locations. The percentage of isolations of individual Ascochyta blight pathogens at 80 days after the first time of sowing varied greatly, with Didymella ranging 25-93% and Phoma from 6- 23% across the five field locations. This fluctuating nature of individual pathogen types and proportions within the Ascochyta blight complex, along with variation in occurrence of Peronospora and Septoria, highlights the challenges to understand and manage the complexities of co-occurring different foliar pathogens of field pea. While the search for more effective host resistance continues, there is a need for and opportunities from further exploring and exploiting cultural management approaches focussing on crop sequence diversification, intercropping, manipulating time of sowing and stand density, and application of improved seed sanitation and residue/inoculum management practices. We discuss the constraints and opportunities towards overcoming the challenges associated with managing foliar disease complexes in field pea.

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Pea

Warkentin¹,

Smýkal²,

Coyne³

et al. 2015

Handbook of Plant Breeding

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Resistance to downy mildew (Peronospora viciae) in Australian field pea germplasm (Pisum sativum)

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Short Communication: Latent Detection of Downy Mildew (Peronospora pisi) in Bioassays against Pisum sativum

Short Communication: Latent Detection of Downy Mildew (Peronospora pisi) in Bioassays against Pisum sativum

Challenges With Managing Disease Complexes During Application of Different Measures Against Foliar Diseases of Field Pea

Pea

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