Resistance to Nephotettix virescens in Rice Varieties12

Cheng, C. H.; Pathak, M. D.

doi:10.1093/jee/65.4.1148

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…However, percentages of stylet sheaths terminating in the phloem tissues of resistant rices were significantly less than in susceptible plants (Table 2). This was also reported by Cheng & Pathak (1972) and Karim (1978) for N. virescens.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…In recent years, tungro disease has been efff'ctively controlled in several countries by growing vector-resistant rice cultivars. The resistant culti-vars have antixenosis and antibiosis to leafhoppers and suffer less feeding damage and tungro infection (Cheng & Pathak 1972). However, continuous deployment of vector-resistant cultivars in large contiguous areas has given rise to vector adaptability to those cultivars and led to high RT virus infection (Hibino 1987, Siwi et al 1987.…”

Section: The Leafhoppersnephotettixmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feeding Behavior of Three Nephotettix Species (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) on Selected Resistant and Susceptible Rice Cultivars, Wild Rice, and Graminaceous Weeds

Karim

Saxena

1991

Journal of Economic Entomology

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The feeding behavior of Nephotettix virescens (Distant), Nephotettix nigropictus (Stal), and Nephotettix malayanus Ishihara & Kawase was monitored electronically on leafhopper-susceptible 'Taichung Native I' (TNl) and leafhopper-resistant 'Pankhari 203' and 'IR29' rice cultivars, on resistant wild rice (Oryza officinalis Well ex Watt, IRRI Accession No. 100896), and on the graminaceous weeds Leersia hexandra Swartz and Echinochloa glabrescens Munro ex Hook-F. During an access period of 180 min, the leafhopper adults fed in the phloem of the test plants for periods ranging from 4 to 92 min. Excretion of basic honeydew, which turned blue on filter paper treated with bromocresol green, and histological examination of insect salivary sheaths terminating in phloem tissues, also confirmed phloem feeding. The longer the phloem feeding, the greater was the quantity of basic honeydew excreted. Phloem feeding decreased on resistant rices, on the wild rice, and on weeds, but N. malayanus reared on L. hexandra fed longer in the phloem of this weed than did the other two species. Vulnerability of leafhopper-resistant cultivars to rice tungro viruses can be associated with insect ability to feed in the phloem. Having acquired tungro viruses from infected rice plants, the leafhoppers, particularly N. nigropictus, could transfer tungro viruses to weeds which become additional sources of virus inoculum.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: The Leafhoppersnephotettixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding Behavior of Three Nephotettix Species (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) on Selected Resistant and Susceptible Rice Cultivars, Wild Rice, and Graminaceous Weeds

Karim

Saxena

1991

Journal of Economic Entomology

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“…All four sugar beet stocks were probed freely both by A. fabae and by M. persicae of clone TLN3. As in the resistance of rice to Nephotettix virescens (Cheng & Pathak, 1972), there was no evidence that inhibition of probing is a cause of varietal resistance to aphids in sugar beet. The low density of sheaths left by clone SHNB of M. persicae was not associated with the differences in resistance between beet stocks, but would explain the apparent resistance of sugar beet as a species to this clone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing by Aphids in the Leaf Tissues of Resistant and Susceptible Sugar Beet

Lowe

Russell

1974

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The probing of Aphis fabae and Myzus persicae in the leaves of sugar beet with inherited resistance or susceptibility to aphids was studied by microscopic examination of samples of whole leaves, prepared after 48 h exposure to adult aphids at approximately three aphids cm−2. The density of saliva stylet‐sheaths left by the aphids (cm−2) and the proportion reaching phloem differed between sugar beet stocks and were inversely associated. Differences in resistance between stocks could not, however, be related directly to either. All beet stocks examined were probed freely. Seasonal differences in sugar beet grown in the glasshouse affected the proportion of sheaths reaching the phloem, but the differences between beet stocks were similar at all times. The densities of sheaths left by different clones of M. persicae corresponded with the aphids' response to sugar beet as a host plant. Among aphid clones which readily colonize sugar beet, the densities of stylet sheaths which reached phloem suggested that the adults of both A. fabae and M. persicae gained sufficient access to sieve tubes to satisfy their nutritional needs. The phloem of sugar beet from the glasshouse was always within the estimated maximum depth to which the aphids probe; but, in leaves from the field, it appeared that the phloem might be inaccessible to young M. persicae in the sugar beet crop during late summer. Zusammenfassung DAS PROBEN VON BLATTLÄUSEN IN BLÄTTERN VON ANFÄLLIGEN UND RESISTENTEN ZUCKERRÜBEN Das Proben von Aphis fabae und Myzus persicae in Blättern von Zuckerrüben mit erblicher Blattlausresistenz bzw. ‐anfälligkeit wurde untersucht durch mikroskopische Durchmusterung von Speichelscheiden in Proben vom ganzen Blatt. Rübenblätter wurden mit genähert drei adulten Läusen cm−2 besetzt und nach 48 Stunden quergeschnittene Streifen der Blätter in Alkohol fixiert, gefärbt und mit der Unterseite nach oben auf Objektträgern eingeschlossen. 23890 Speichelscheiden wurden registriert. Die Dichte der Scheiden von M. persicae (cm−2) und der Anteil der das Phloem erreichenden Scheiden (SRP) unterschieden sich signifikant zwischen den Rübenstämmen. Bei A. fabae ergaben sich entsprechende, aber nicht gesicherte Unterschiede. Scheidendichte und Prozentsatz SRP waren gegenläufig, zwei Rübenstämme zeigten eine hohe Scheidendichte, zwei andere hatten weniger Scheiden, aber einen höheren Prozentsatz SRP. Diese Gruppierung der Stämme korrespondierte aber nicht mit ihrer Blatt‐lausresistenz. Aus der Scheidendichte ergab sich, dass M. persicae und A. fabae auf allen geprüften Rübenstämmen, resistenten und anfälligen, unbehindert probten, so dass jede Laus das Phloem durchschnittlich etwa viermal am Tag erreichte. Ein Klon von M. persicae, der sich an Rüben nicht entwickelt, hinterliess weniger Scheiden in den Blättern aller Stämme. Der Anteil von SRP war bei Prüfungen im März grösser als im November. Dieser Unterschied war besonders deutlich bei Scheiden von Larven, die im übrigen zu allen Zeiten das Phloem weniger oft erreichten als ihre Eltern. Messungen d...

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“…Leafhopper and planthopper nymphs, particularly young instars, having a vestiture of poorly chitinized cuticle and relatively larger surface area because of smaller size, would be more vulnerable to volatile compounds of resistant plants while attempting to feed on them. For instance, Cheng and Pathak (1972) reported that only 0 to 3% of first-stage N. virescens nymphs reached the adult 566 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 78, no.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Steam Distillate Extract of a Resistant Rice Variety on Feeding Behavior of Nephotettix virescens (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)

Saxena

1985

Journal of Economic Entomology

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Nephotettix virescens (Distant), a leafhopper pest of rice, is primarily a phloem feeder on plants of the susceptible rice variety 'Taichung Native l' (TNl), but it becomes a xylem drinker on resistant 'ASD7' plants. The insect's feeding behavior on 'TNl' plants sprayed with the steam distillate extract of 'ASD7' plants was monitored with an electronic monitoring device and a lignin-specific dye. Application of 'ASD7' extract to susceptible 'TN!' plants disrupted the normal feeding behavior of the insect. Phloem feeding by the insect was significantly (P < 0.05) less on 'TNl' plants sprayed with' ASD7' extract at 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 ppm than on control 'TNI' plants sprayed with acetone/waler mixture. The reduced phloem feeding on the extract-treated plants was associated with a significant (P < 0.05) increase in probing frequency and an increase in duration of salivation and xylem drinking.

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Resistance to Nephotettix virescens in Rice Varieties12

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Feeding Behavior of Three Nephotettix Species (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) on Selected Resistant and Susceptible Rice Cultivars, Wild Rice, and Graminaceous Weeds

Feeding Behavior of Three Nephotettix Species (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) on Selected Resistant and Susceptible Rice Cultivars, Wild Rice, and Graminaceous Weeds

Probing by Aphids in the Leaf Tissues of Resistant and Susceptible Sugar Beet

Effect of Steam Distillate Extract of a Resistant Rice Variety on Feeding Behavior of Nephotettix virescens (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)

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