Resistant Starches (RS2 and RS3) have Variable Effects on Bone Mineral Status in Rats

Zafar, Tasleem A.; Martin, Berdine R.; Weaver, Connie M.

doi:10.2174/1874288200903010017

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…There are a few reports on the effect of RS on BMD. Zafar et al, reported that diet treated with 5% RS did not increase calcium absorption capacity, and did not affect femoral BMD in male rats, which were fed with the recommended levels of dietary calcium (0.5%) [ 35 ]. Although the dietary calcium level used in the study was the same as our study, the diet treated with AH-HAS (12% RS) attenuated the OVX induced bone loss in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistant Starch Attenuates Bone Loss in Ovariectomised Mice by Regulating the Intestinal Microbiota and Bone-Marrow Inflammation

Tousen

Nagahata

et al. 2019

Nutrients

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The intestinal microbiota may regulate bone metabolism by reducing levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and T cells in bone tissues of oestrogen-deficient mice have been reported. Resistant starch (RS) is a type of dietary fibre and results in changes in the composition of the gut microbiota. We evaluated the effects of RS supplemented in diets on intestinal microbial composition, bone mineral density, and inflammatory-gene expression in the colon and bone marrow of ovariectomised (OVX) mice. OVX mice were divided randomly into three groups: OVX control, OVX fed a 20% high amylose corn starch (HAS) diet, and OVX fed a 20% acid-hydrolysed HAS (AH-HAS) diet. HAS and AH-HAS diets contained 6.8% and 12% of RS, respectively. After 6 weeks, treatment with HAS or AH-HAS increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium spp. in faeces. The AH-HAS diet tended to upregulate mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-10 in the colon, and downregulate expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand and IL-7 receptor genes in the bone marrow of OVX mice. AH-HAS treatment attenuated ovariectomy-induced bone loss. These findings suggest that AH-HAS might change the microbiota and immune status of the bone marrow, resulting in attenuated bone resorption in OVX mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistant Starch Attenuates Bone Loss in Ovariectomised Mice by Regulating the Intestinal Microbiota and Bone-Marrow Inflammation

Tousen

Nagahata

et al. 2019

Nutrients

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“…The samples were diluted with DW and analyzed by the inductively coupled plasma (ICP‐OES‐7300 DV, Perkin Elmer) using the wavelength of 766, 285, 227, 238, and 206 for K, Mg, Ca, Fe, and Zn, respectively. [ 8 ]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The group percent mineral absorptions of Ca, Mg, K, Fe, and Zn were calculated from ( mineral intake − fecal mineral loss) / mineral intake) × 100. [ 8 ]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 20 ] A dose as low as 5% RS from HAMS fed for four weeks to weanling rats increased FI but did not alter BW gain. [ 8 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5,6] These morphological alterations in the cecum are associated with beneficial effects including enhanced insulin sensitivity and improved colonic mineral absorption. [5,7,8] Furthermore, postprandial hypertriglyceridemia was reduced in rats when RS from high-amylose cornstarch (HAMS) was coadministered with high lipid meals. [9] HAMS isolated from hybrid corn (Hi-maize-260) contains 60% RS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High‐Amylose Cornstarch Variably Affects Food Intake and Body Composition of Rats When Substituted to Standard versus a Moderately High‐Fat High‐Sugar Diet

2020

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The addition of resistant starch (RS) to a food lowers its energy density but its impact on appetite, food intake (FI), and body composition is not well understood. This study explores the effect of RS from high‐amylose cornstarch on FI, body composition, mineral‐absorption, and inflammatory markers when tested simultaneously in control (C) and moderately increased fat and sugar (HFHS) diets. Four groups of weanling rats are fed C, C + RS, HFHS, or HFHS + RS diets and their FI and body weight (BW) are recorded. After four weeks blood serum, abdominal fat, total gut weight, cecal content, and feces are collected and analyzed. FI increases (p < 0.000) in C + RS (440 ± 29 g) versus C (396 ± 40 g) while it decreases (p = 0.001) in HFHS + RS (419 ± 44 g) versus HFHS (481 ± 35 g). Both BW and abdominal fat decrease significantly in HFHS + RS (212 ± 39 g) versus HFHS (247 ± 28 g) (p = 0.032) and (7 ± 2.27 g) versus (10 ± 2.41 g) (p < 0.000), respectively but remains unchanged in C + RS versus C. Percent calcium absorption selectively increases in HFHS + RS (p <0.000) versus HFHS. In conclusion, RS effectively reduces FI, weight gain, abdominal fat‐mass, and enhanced mineral absorption differentially when added to standard or a moderately HFHS diet of growing rats.

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Organoleptic and glycemic properties of chickpea-wheat composite breads

et al. 2013

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Prevalence of obesity and type-2-diabetes requires dietary manipulation. It was hypothesized that wheat-legumecomposite breads will reduce the spike of blood glucose and increase satiety. Four pan bread samples were prepared: White bread (WB) as standard, Whole-wheat bread (WWB), WWB supplemented with chickpea flour at 25 % (25%ChB) and 35 % (35%ChB) levels. These breads were tested in healthy female subjects for acceptability and for effect on appetite, blood glucose, and physical discomfort in digestion. The breads were rated >5.6 on a 9-point hedonic scale with WB significantly higher than all other breads. No difference in area under the curve (AUC) for appetite was found, but blood glucose AUC was reduced as follows: 35%ChB < WB and WWB, WB >25%ChB = WWB or 35%ChB. We conclude that addition of chickpea flour at 35 % to whole wheat produces a bread that is acceptable to eat, causing no physical discomfort and lowers the glycemic response.

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Resistant Starches (RS2 and RS3) have Variable Effects on Bone Mineral Status in Rats

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Resistant Starch Attenuates Bone Loss in Ovariectomised Mice by Regulating the Intestinal Microbiota and Bone-Marrow Inflammation

Resistant Starch Attenuates Bone Loss in Ovariectomised Mice by Regulating the Intestinal Microbiota and Bone-Marrow Inflammation

High‐Amylose Cornstarch Variably Affects Food Intake and Body Composition of Rats When Substituted to Standard versus a Moderately High‐Fat High‐Sugar Diet

Organoleptic and glycemic properties of chickpea-wheat composite breads

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