Resisten Trimetoprim – Sulfametoksazol terhadap Shigellosis

Nafianti, Selvi; Sinuhaji, Atan B

doi:10.14238/sp7.1.2005.39-44

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Antibiotik ini direkomendasikan WHO sebagai pilihan utama untuk mengatasi diare berdarah. Shigella sonnei juga telah dilaporkan resisten terhadap antimikroba yang biasa digunakan seperti streptomisin, tetrasiklin, sulfonamid, trimetoprim, dan ampisilin (Herwana dkk, 2010;Trivedi et al, 2015;Nafianti & Sinuhaji, 2016). Upaya pencarian antibakteri dari bahan alam masih perlu dilakukan sebagai alternatif pemecahan permasalahan resistensi antibiotik yang ssat ini masih menjadi masalah dunia kesehatan (Shamsuddin et al, 2018).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Talinum paniculatum Lokal Kalimantan Barat terhadap Shigella sonnei

Yeni

2022

j. quagga

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Shigella sonnei merupakan salah satu bakteri patogen penyebab disentri basiler dengan tingkat prevalensi tinggi di negara berkembang. Bakteri ini dilaporkan resisten terhadap beberapa antibiotik yang direkomendasikan WHO, sehingga diperlukan upaya pencarian senyawa antibakteri baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kandungan fitokimia dan potensi ekstrak etanol umbi, batang dan daun ginseng jawa (Talinum paniculatum) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan S. sonnei secara in vitro. Uji fitokimia ekstrak etanol menggunakan metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT). Potensi antibakteri dilakukan dengan menerapkan metode difusi cakram Kirby Baeur teknik swab dengan perlakuan seri konsentrasi ekstrak 50%, 75% dan 100%, kontrol positif (tetrasiklin 20%), dan kontrol negatif (DMSO 10%) dengan 5 pengulangan. Dari hasil uji fitokimia diketahui bahwa metabolit sekunder dari golongan steroid ditemukan pada umbi, batang maupun daun ginseng jawa. Flavonoid hanya ditemukan pada umbi dan daun. Ekstrak etanol batang dan daun menunjukkan hasil positif untuk tanin dan fenolik. Alkaloid, saponin dan terpenoid tidak ditemukan pada ketiga ekstrak tersebut. Ekstrak etanol daun memiliki potensi penghambatan terhadap S. sonnei lebih besar dibandingkan umbi dan batang, terutama pada konsentrasi 100%. Meskipun demikian zona hambat yang terbentuk masih belum cukup efektif jika dibandingkan dengan zona hambat yang dibentuk oleh kontrol positif yaitu tetrasiklin. Shigella sonnei a pathogenic bacterium that causes bacillary dysentery – a disease with high prevalence in developing countries. This bacterium has been reported resistant to several antibiotics. Development of new antibacterial compounds is regarded necessary. This study was conducted to describe the phytochemical content and potentials of ethanol extract from the tubers, stems and leaves of fameflowers (Talinum paniculatum) in inhibiting the growth of S. sonnei in vitro. Phytochemical test was performed to the ethanol extract using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Antibacterial potential was assessed using Kirby Baeur disc diffusion swab on different treatment concentrations of 50%, 75% and 100% with positive control (20% tetracycline), and negative control (DMSO 10%) in 5 replications. The phytochemical tests showed that secondary metabolites from the steroid group were found in tubers, stems and leaves of the famefolowers. However, flavonoids were only found in tubers and leaves. The ethanol extracts of stems and leaves also contained tannins and phenolics. Furthermore, neither Alkaloids, saponins or terpenoids were found in the three extracts. In addition, ethanol extract from the leaves showed stronger inhibitory potential against S. sonnei extracts from tubers and stems, particularly at 100% concentration. However, the inhibition zone formed in the extracts was still less effective compared to the inhibition zone formed by tetracycline as positive control.

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Talinum paniculatum Lokal Kalimantan Barat terhadap Shigella sonnei

Yeni

2022

j. quagga

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“…Infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri S. dysenteriae disebut Shigellosis atau disentri basiler. Shigellosis merupakan penyakit infeksi saluran pencernaan yang ditandai dengan diare cair akut atau dan disentri (tinja bercampur darah, lendir, dan nanah), pada umumnya disertai demam dan nyeri perut (Nafianti & Sinuhaji, 2005). Penyakit ini ditularkan melalui jalan fekal-oral dengan masa inkubasi 1-7 hari, dan terjadinya penularan tersebut diperlukan dosis minimal penularan 100 bakteri Shigella sp.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL LIMBAH KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca L.) TERHADAP Shigella dysenteriae

Dewangga¹,

Lestari²

2021

KesMaDaSka

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Kasus diare di Indonesia pada umumnya disebabkan oleh masalah kebersihan lingkungan, makanan, dan infeksi mikroorganisme. Salah satu mikroorganisme penyebab diare adalah bakteri Shigella dysenteriae. Kulit pisang diketahui mempunyai sifat anti bakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kemampuan ekstrak etanol 96% limbah kulit pisang kepok (Musa paradisiaca L.) membentuk zona radikal terhadap Shigella dysentriae berdasarkan variasi konsentrasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian analitik eksperimental dengan pendekatan post test with control. Ekstrak etanol 96% kulit Musa paradisiaca L. dibuat dengan variasi konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, dan 100%. Aktivitas antibakteri diuji dengan metode cakram dengan kontrol negatif DMSO 10% dan kontrol positif ciprofloxacin 5 µg, dan dilanjutkan dengan analisis Anova satu jalur. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan terbentuknya zona hambat pada konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, dan 100% berturut-turut 6,09 mm, 6,26 mm, 6,58 mm, 7,58 mm, dan 9,00 mm. Hal ini menunjukkan semakin tinggi konsentrasi zat antibakteri maka semakin besar juga zona hambat radikal yang terbentuk. Uji Anova satu jalur diperoleh nilai p ≤ 0,05, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol 96% kulit Musa paradisiaca L. mampu menghambat pertumbuhan Shigella dysenteriae. Diarrhea cases in Indonesia are generally due to environmental problems, food hygiene, and microorganism infections. One of the microorganisms that cause diarrhea is Shigella dysenteriae. Banana peels are known have antibacterial properties. The purpose of this project was to study the antibacterial activity of 96% ethanol extract of Kepok banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) peel waste with variations concentration on the growth of Shigella dysenteriae. This study uses an experimental analytic research design by post test with control. Ethanol extract 96% of the peels of Musa paradisiaca L. was made with a composition variation of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. Antibacterial activity was tested by disc-method with DMSO as negative control and ciprofloxacin as positive control. The data obtained were analyzed with one way Anova. The results of this study indicate the formation of inhibition zones at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% collected 6.09 mm, 6.26 mm, 6.58 mm, 7.58 mm, and 9,00 mm. This data shows that the greater the concentration of antibacterial substances, the greater the zone of radical inhibition formed. Anova one path test obtained p value 0.001, so it can conclude that ethanol extract 96% of the skin of Musa paradisiaca L. able to inhibit the growth of Shigella dysenteriae.

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“…In children at age under 5 y old, for about 10 % of all diarrhea cases are dysentery, and is reported to cause a higher mortality rate of 15% [3]. This data is synchronized with bacillary dysentery cases in Indonesia that 29% of deaths caused by dysentery occurred at age 1-4 y old [4]. The most causes of mortality that resulting from dysentery is dehydration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of Maltodextrin Ratio to Klutuk Banana Fruit Extract (Musa Balbisiana Colla) Combined With Its Pseudostem Extract on Anti-Dysentery Granule Performance and Effectivity

2018

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Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the best ratio of maltodextrin and extract concentration on performance of anti-dysentery granule containing Klutuk banana fruit extract (Musa balbisiana Colla) as an effective antimicrobial to treat dysentery caused by Shigella dysenteriae and combined with its pseudostem extract to supply potassium needed for supporting dehydration impact caused by dysentery.Methods: The dried fruit and pseudostem of the Klutuk banana plant were each extracted by maceration method. Each granule formula was optimized in different ratio of extract and maltodextrin concentration (1:2 (F1); 1:3 (F2); and 1:4 (F3) respectively. Then, the anti-shigellosis granule were formulated using the wet granulation method and evaluated for 30 d. The appearance of the granule, weight variation, loss on drying value, flowability, granule solubility, disintegration time, pH, and anti-dysentery activity of each formula was observed. The potassium content determination of each granule formula was done using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer method. Results: All formulated granules showed good flow properties and antidysentery activity. Concerning to the solubility, maltodextrin addition showed the increasing solubility of all formulated granule. The F3 achieved the best-improved granule characteristic and had good anti-dysentery effectivity, but had the lowest potassium content (0.362 g/l) among all formulas. The potassium content of F1 and F2 were 0.625 g/l and 0.444 g/l, respectively. Conclusion: Maltodextrin can improve the usefulness of granule that containing the Klutuk banana fruit and its pseudostem extracts in dysentery treatment and the dehydration impact.

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Resisten Trimetoprim – Sulfametoksazol terhadap Shigellosis

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Talinum paniculatum Lokal Kalimantan Barat terhadap Shigella sonnei

Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Talinum paniculatum Lokal Kalimantan Barat terhadap Shigella sonnei

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL LIMBAH KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca L.) TERHADAP Shigella dysenteriae

Effect of Maltodextrin Ratio to Klutuk Banana Fruit Extract (Musa Balbisiana Colla) Combined With Its Pseudostem Extract on Anti-Dysentery Granule Performance and Effectivity

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