Resorcinol - formaldehyde adsorption of cesium from Hanford waste solutions, Part I. Batch equilibrium study

Abstract

Batch equilibrium measurements were conducted at 25 ± 2 o C with a granular Cs were used. Initial concentrations of non-radioactive cesium in the waste sample were varied to generate an equilibrium isotherm for cesium. The majority of the tests were conducted at 25 ± 2 o C using a liquid to solid phase ratio of ~100 mL/g and a contact time of 72 hours.Two additional tests were conducted using a liquid to solid phase ratio of 10 and a contact time of 120 hours.The measured distribution coefficient (K d ) for radioactive cesium (

Nanoencapsulated Core and Shell Electrospun Fibers of Resorcinol Formaldehyde

“…Therefore regions of oligomeric crosslinked domains are separated by unreacted slugs clearly visible in HR-TEM image after dissolving the PVA (Fig 9) unlike the fibers formed via blending of the two polymeric systems [46]. The separations in the cross-linked regions of the fibers can be used for smoke filtration and waste water treatment [47,48] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 High micro-porosity is obtained in phenolic resin based electro-spun carbon fibers, merely post carbonization, without activation, contrary to conventional PAN based fibers [49]. BET analysis has been done on the fibers.…”

Porous Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Resins

“…For selective removal of Cs-137, two main groups of materials are widely used: Granulated and composite transition metal (Ni, Co, Cu) ferrocyanides [7][8][9] and resorcinol-formaldehyde resins (RF-resins) [10,11] related to the phenol-formaldehyde thermoreactive group of resol-type polymers. The main disadvantage of transition metal ferrocyanide sorbents is a low chemical stability in alkaline media [12,13], which results in fast degradation of the materials.…”

A Rothmund–Kornfeld model of Cs+–K+–Na+ exchange on spherical resorcinol-formaldehyde (sRF) resin in Hanford nuclear waste

“…This resin has been shown to effectively remove cesium from Hanford waste, even in the presence of high concentrations (6 M) of sodium [2][3][4][5]. This high selectivity is thought to be related to the cation dehydration process at phenol groups on the resin [6].…”

“…Misak [21] added that the solution phase activity coefficient must also be constant. Cesium occupies only a few percent of the exchange sites on sRF resin during typical operation [2], cesium is always only a trace component (on a molal basis) in the liquid phase, and the sodium concentration in the liquid phase does not meaningfully change during Cs ? -Na ?…”