Resorption of maxillary incisors after orthodontic treatment – clinical study of risk factors

Elhaddaoui, Rajae; Benyahia, Hicham; Azeroual, Mohamed-Faouzi; Zaoui, Fatima; Rachid, R.; Bahije, Loubna

doi:10.1016/j.ortho.2015.12.015

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…According to several authors (Weltman [1] Eisel [43] Elhaddaoui [44]) RR, measured on panoramic or periapical radiographs, is usually less than 2.5 mm, with a <20% percentage of severe resorption (>4 mm or >1/3 original root length) affecting mostly maxillary lateral incisors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root resorption during orthodontic treatment with Invisalign®: a radiometric study

et al. 2017

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BackgroundRoot resorption (RR) is described as a permanent loss of tooth structure from the root apex. Many reports in the literature indicate that orthodontically treated patients are more likely to have severe apical root shortening, interesting mostly maxillary, followed by mandibular incisors. The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence and severity of RR in adult patients treated with aligners. The study group consisted of 71 class I adult healthy patients (mean age 32.8 ± 12.7) treated with aligners (Invisalign®, Align Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). All incisors, canines, upper first premolars, and first molars were assessed. Root and crown lengths of 1083 teeth were measured in panoramic radiographs at the beginning (T0) and at the end (T1) of clear aligner therapy. Individual root-crown ratio (RCR) of each tooth and therefore the relative changes of RCR (rRCR) were determined. A decrease of rRCR was assessed as a reduction of the root length during treatment.ResultsAll patients had a minimum of one teeth affected with a reduction of root length, on average 6.38 ± 2.28 teeth per patient. Forty one, 81% of the 1083, measured teeth presented a reduction of the pre-treatment root length. A reduction in percentage of >0% up to 10% was found in 25.94% (n = 281), a distinct reduction of >10% up to 20% in 12.18% (n = 132) of the sample. 3.69% (n = 40) of the teeth were affected with a considerable reduction (>20%).ConclusionsOrthodontic treatment with Invisalign® aligners could lead to RR. However, its incidence resulted to be very similar to that described for orthodontic light forces, with an average percentage of RR < 10% of the original root length.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root resorption during orthodontic treatment with Invisalign®: a radiometric study

et al. 2017

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“…These data can be used as a possible predictor for root resorption during orthodontic treatment because root resorption susceptibility following the application of an orthodontic force can be associated with root resorption before treatment (shorter roots) [8,9], and root morphology, particularly conical roots[7–9]. Dilacerated roots as observed in the incisor root finite element models proposed by Kamble et al and Oyama et al[18,19] potentially led to an altered distribution of the stress when forces were applied to teeth during orthodontic tooth movement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Root resorption susceptibility following the application of an orthodontic force can be associated with tooth type (with a greater risk for the upper incisor)[7], treatments with extraction[7–9], the presence of supraocclusion or open bite[7], treatment duration[10], root resorption before treatment[8,9], and root morphology[7–9]. Although root resorption can occur with or without orthodontic treatment, research in this area indicates that RR is influenced by a complex genetic trait[3,6,11,12], individual predisposition and multifactorial etiology[4,12–16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional characterization of root morphology for maxillary incisors

et al. 2017

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The aim of this study was to test the reproducibility of three-dimensional (3D) surface models of maxillary incisors and to propose a characterization of root morphology. The sample was comprised of pre-treatment cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of fifty-five patients. The CBCTs were used to construct 3D surface models of the maxillary incisors. The reproducibility of surface models was tested by repeated construction of them by two observers. A 3D surface model that corresponded to the average of all lateral and all central incisors was generated. 3D surface distances and vector differences were calculated for each individual tooth and the average of the teeth considered. The corresponding points on the 3D surface mesh for each subgroup were compared statistically to those of the neutral subgroup using shape analysis MANCOVA and Hotelling’s t-statistic (p < 0.05). Repeated construction of surface models demonstrated adequate inter-rater reproducibility. The distribution of 3D models into root morphology subgroups was: blunt (11% and 26% of the central and lateral incisors, respectively), conical (15% of the central incisors), long (27% and 20% of the central and lateral incisors, respectively), and short (15% and 4% of the central and lateral incisors, respectively). Compared to the neutral average, statistically significant differences in root morphology were found for blunt, long, conical, and short central incisors and for blunt, long, and short lateral incisors. We can conclude that 3D surface models construction for upper incisors is reproducible. 3D shape analysis using CBCT images allows a phenotypic characterization of incisor root morphology.

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“…22 Furthermore, it has been reported that short and narrow roots were at greater risk of root resorption during orthodontic treatment, especially the maxillary incisors. [26][27][28][29] Therefore, in hypodontia patients, an optimal force system should be applied during orthodontic treatment, with close monitoring to avoid significant root resorption, especially, of the maxillary central incisors. Moreover, it should be borne in mind that shorter and narrower size implants may suffice in hypodontia patients during the planning phase to prosthetically replace the congenitally missing teeth following the orthodontic treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Dimensions in Patients with Mild Hypodontia and a Control Group

et al. 2019

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Objectives The aim of this study was to compare root dimensions (length and mesiodistal widths) between subjects with mild hypodontia and an age- and sex-matched control group. Materials and Methods Root dimension measurements of all permanent teeth excluding third molars were made on standardly taken orthopantomograms of 50 individuals (25 hypodontia and 25 controls) attending the University of Sharjah Dental Hospital. The length and two mesiodistal widths were measured for each fully formed root. The length of the root was measured digitally by drawing a line from the midpoint and bisecting the mesiodistal cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) of the tooth and extended to its apex. The mesiodistal widths of each root were measured at the cervical region and at half way of and perpendicular to the length of the root. Statistical Analysis Two sample t-tests were used to compare root dimension measurements between the hypodontia and control groups. Results There were no significant differences between genders with regard to root length or widths measurements, and therefore genders were combined for further analysis. Patients with hypodontia have significantly shorter root lengths than controls for the upper central incisors, upper canines, first premolars, and lower first molars (p < 0.05). Similarly, root width at the midpoint of the root was found to be less in hypodontia group than that in controls for the upper central incisors, lower first premolars, upper first molars, and all second premolars (p < 0.05). Similar pattern of differences was found with regard to the root width at the cervical region (p < 0.05). Conclusions Patients with hypodontia have shorter and narrower roots of the whole permanent dentition except the upper lateral incisors, lower incisors, lower canines, and all second molars when compared with controls. In effect, this may affect the orthodontic treatment planning and implant placement.

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Resorption of maxillary incisors after orthodontic treatment – clinical study of risk factors

Cited by 20 publications

References 30 publications

Root resorption during orthodontic treatment with Invisalign®: a radiometric study

Root resorption during orthodontic treatment with Invisalign®: a radiometric study

Three-dimensional characterization of root morphology for maxillary incisors

Root Dimensions in Patients with Mild Hypodontia and a Control Group

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