Respiratory and heart rate components of attention.

Porges, Stephen W.; Raskin, David C.

doi:10.1037/h0027921

Cited by 163 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Group differences in HR variability can be attributed to task requirements, paced respiration increasing sinus arrhythrnia and its effect on HR fluctuation. The significant decrease in HR and increases in FP A may be attributed to habituation to the experimental situation and are consistent with previous research (porges & Raskin, 1969).…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

“…Hnatiow & Lang (1965) observed a "weak relationship" between respiratory cycle time and HR variability. Porges & Raskin (1969) found that, although the direction of the HR response appears to be independent of respiratory responses, HR variability decreases concomitantly with increascs in respiratory frequency and decreascs in respiratury amplitude.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Previous research has suggesled Ihat Ihe direction of the HR response is task dependent: HR acceleralion accompanying cognitive tasks and HR deceleration accompanying perceptual lasks (Lacey, 1959;Porges & Raskin, 1969). Most sludies that have used the paced-respiration technique luve not controlled for the effects of selective attention to the pacing stimulus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiovascular effects of paced respiration and selective attention

Fitzgerald

Porges

1970

Psychon Sci

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supporting

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiovascular effects of paced respiration and selective attention

Fitzgerald

Porges

1970

Psychon Sci

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“…They probably reflect attentional effort of observing the model. Wiersma (1913), Ettema (1967) and Porges and Raskin (1969) found an increase in RF and no change or a decrease in Vt and respi- Table 1 The physiological response patterns to the video-fragments: (I) significant differences between the experiemtnal period (ExP) and the control period (CP); (II) significant differences between fragments in magnitude of responses (ExP-CP).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronization of respiration

Garssen¹

1979

Biological Psychology

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In order to study synchronization of respiration, three different videofragments were presented to 21 normal subjects. Each fragment showed a 'therapeutic interview' specially performed for this purpose, with a 'patient' breathing in a particular way. The respiration of model 1 was deep, slow and clearly audible, the pattern of model 2 was rapid, superficial and slightly audible and that of model 3 was normal, and hardly perceptible. The fragments were presented in three different sequences and each sequence was followed by seven subjects. Respiration amplitude (Vt), respiration irregularity (SD of Vt), respiration frequency (RF) and frequency of skin conductance responses (SCRF) were measured. Changes in mean values of these variables were demonstrated during the fragments; an increase in RF was the most pronounced and reliable change. These 'overall' physiological changes did not support the synchronization hypothesis, nor were they at variance with it: they seemed to be effects of attention. A detailed (cycle by cycle) analysis did reveal a synchronization effect in fragment 1. The number of cycles in the subject which were in rhythm with the model's respiration was significantly larger than could have been expected by chance. The effect of synchronization, however, was small and transient as it did not affect the mean RF and V t of fragment 1.

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“…In contrast, vigilance decrements, or reductions in the ability to sustain attention over time, were observed in the control condition and were associated with reduced skin conductance levels (O'Connell, Bellgrove, Dockree, Lau, Fitzgerald, & Robertson, 2008). Research has also demonstrated a close relationship between attention and heart rate such that heart rate slows while attending (Coles, 1972;Lacey & Lacey, 1970;Papillo & Shapiro, 1990;Porges & Raskin, 1969;Ravaja, 2004;Turpin, 1986). Interestingly, the pattern of directional fractionation observed here for boredom (i.e., increased HR with decreased SCL) has also been observed in individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; Hermens, Williams, Lazzaro, Whitmont, Melkonian, & Gordon, 2004;Losoya, 1995;Snoek, Van Goozen, Matthys, Buitelaar, & Van Engeland, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%