Respiratory Distress in Cats

Mandell, Deborah C.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-7216-8706-3.50006-2

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This study also found an association between expiratory dyspnea and lower airway localization in cats as has been reported previously 7,14,39,43 . An obstructive respiratory pattern has been described in lower airway disease 5,29 . Obstructive diseases causing increased airway resistance may be associated with a slow and deep pattern of breathing 28 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Evaluation of respiratory parameters at presentation as clinical indicators of the respiratory localization in dogs and cats with respiratory distress

Sigrist

Adamik²,

Doherr³

et al. 2010

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The animal's respiratory pattern may therefore supply important clues as to the anatomical localization and nature of the respiratory tract disorder. Animals with pleural space disease may present with a restrictive respiratory pattern 5,6 . This pattern has been described as fast and shallow breathing 7,8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of respiratory parameters at presentation as clinical indicators of the respiratory localization in dogs and cats with respiratory distress

Sigrist

Adamik²,

Doherr³

et al. 2010

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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“…Detection of OCM is challenging in cats. 5,6 Indeed, a substantial number of asymptomatic cats in the present study had heart murmurs, but cardiac status was judged to be normal after echocardiographic examination. Plasma NT-proBNP concentration reliably discriminated between OCM and normal cohorts with relatively high sensitivity and specificity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Multicenter Evaluation of Plasma N‐Terminal Probrain Natriuretic Peptide (NT‐pro BNP) as a Biochemical Screening Test for Asymptomatic (occult) Cardiomyopathy in Cats

Fox

Rush

Reynolds

et al. 2011

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: B-type natriuretic peptide concentrations reliably distinguish between cardiac and respiratory causes of dyspnea, but its utility to detect asymptomatic cats with occult cardiomyopathy (OCM) is unresolved.Hypothesis/Objectives: Determine whether plasma N terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentration can discriminate asymptomatic cats with OCM from normal cats, and whether NT-proBNP concentration correlates with clinical, biochemical, and echocardiographic parameters.Animals: One hundred and fourteen normal, healthy cats; 113 OCM cats. Methods: Prospective, multicenter, case-controlled study. NT-proBNP was prospectively measured and cardiac status was determined from history, physical examination, and M-mode/2D/Doppler echocardiography. Optimal cut-off values were derived using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results: NT-proBNP was higher (median, interquartile range [25th and 75th percentiles]) in (1) OCM (186 pmol/L; 79, 478 pmol/L) versus normal (24 pmol/L; 24, 32 pmol/L) (P < .001); and (2) hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (396 pmol/L; 205, 685 pmol/L) versus hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (112 pmol/L; 48, 318 pmol/L) (P < .001). In OCM, NT-proBNP correlated (1) positively with LVPWd (ρ = 0.23; P = .01), LA/Ao ratio (ρ = 0.31; P < .001), LVs (ρ = 0.33; P < .001), and troponin-I (ρ = 0.64; P < .001), and (2) negatively with %FS (ρ = À0.27; P = .004). Area under ROC curve was 0.92; >46 pmol/L cut-off distinguished normal from OCM (91.2% specificity, 85.8% sensitivity); >99 pmol/L cut-off was 100% specific, 70.8% sensitive.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Plasma NT-proBNP concentration reliably discriminated normal from OCM cats, and was associated with several echocardiographic markers of disease severity. Further studies are needed to assess test performance in unselected, general feline populations, and evaluate relationships between NT-proBNP concentrations and disease progression.

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“…Most small animal clinicians in primary care practice are familiar with the presentation of cats with acute‐onset dyspnoea, without a previous history of respiratory difficulties. Experience has shown that these cats are often physiologically very fragile (Mandell , Kellett‐Gregory & King , Ferasin & DeFrancesco ). Some cats are so vulnerable that otherwise routine handling and investigative procedures can precipitate further decompensation or even death.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid assessment with physical examination in dyspnoeic cats: the RAPID CAT study

Dickson¹,

Little²,

Harris³

et al. 2017

J of Small Animal Practice

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OBJECTIVES : To determine the underlying disease prevalence in acute feline dyspnoea and to examine whether historical and clinical examination findings can differentiate between acute cardiac and noncardiac dyspnoea in cats in primary practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS :We prospectively enrolled cats presenting with dyspnoea for the first time to primary practice between June 1, 2011 and October 31, 2016. We collected signalment, historical and clinical data at presentation using a standard form. Cases were investigated by primary clinicians, and the final diagnosis was confirmed by the authors. Records lacking critical data were excluded.Relationships between historical or clinical variables and dyspnoea aetiology were examined. Diagnostic test performance analyses were used to find optimal cut-off values for select historical or clinical variables that could differentiate cardiac and non-cardiac dyspnoea.RESULTS : Participants included 108 cats. A definitive diagnosis was reached in 92 cases; 60 were cardiac (65%), 15 respiratory (16%), 10 neoplastic (11%) and 7 traumatic (8%). Of cats with cardiac dyspnoea, 25% had a history of cough. A gallop sound, rectal temperature less than 37·5°C, heart rate of greater than 200 bpm and respiratory rate greater than 80 per minute were all useful to predict cardiac-associated dyspnoea. A triage algorithm using these findings in combination was designed to optimise the rapid diagnosis of probable cardiac dyspnoea.

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Respiratory Distress in Cats

Cited by 16 publications

References 5 publications

Evaluation of respiratory parameters at presentation as clinical indicators of the respiratory localization in dogs and cats with respiratory distress

Evaluation of respiratory parameters at presentation as clinical indicators of the respiratory localization in dogs and cats with respiratory distress

Multicenter Evaluation of Plasma N‐Terminal Probrain Natriuretic Peptide (NT‐pro BNP) as a Biochemical Screening Test for Asymptomatic (occult) Cardiomyopathy in Cats

Rapid assessment with physical examination in dyspnoeic cats: the RAPID CAT study

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