Respiratory Pathogens in Québec Dairy Calves and Their Relationship with Clinical Status, Lung Consolidation, and Average Daily Gain

Francoz, David; Buczinski, Sébastien; Belanger, Anne-Marie; Forte, Gianpiero; Labrecque, Olivia; Tremblay, Donald; Wellemans, Vincent; Dubuc, J.

doi:10.1111/jvim.12531

Cited by 44 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…During this study, concomitant bacterial infections due to M. haemolytica and P. multocida were detected in the lung of steers with bronchopneumonia, suggesting that these pathogens may be endemic at this feedlot. These results are quite different from those of other studies done in Brazil [9][10][11]49], and in beef cattle feedlots from Oklahoma, USA [39], Ontario, Canada [29], and in dairy herds from Quebec, Canada [50] in which there were coinfections with viral and bacterial pathogens and the viral pathogens probably predisposed the animals to a secondary bacterial disease. Therefore, we suggest that the bacterial pathogens at this feedlot were most likely associated with other stresses, such as vaccination and transport, since these pathogens were identified in steers that were less than 32 days-on feed.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Bovine respiratory disease complex associated mortality and morbidity rates in feedlot cattle from southeastern Brazil

Baptista

Rezende

Fonseca

et al. 2017

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: A feedlot is an intensive farming system for finishing livestock. Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a cause of morbidity and mortality in beef cattle, especially in feedlots. Methodology: This study investigated the morbidity and mortality of BRD in a beef cattle feedlot in southeastern Brazil using: clinical diagnoses, therapy, morbidity, and mortality. Pulmonary fragments were collected from five steers, on feed from 3-32 days, with lesions of pneumonia for identification of BRD infectious agents PCR. Results: 188,862 steers were on feed and morbidity was 7.05% (13,315/188,862), mortality 0.64% (1,214/188,862). The causes of morbidity were: BRD (6.13%), lameness (0.29%), trauma (0.21%), clostridiosis (0.13%) and polioencephalomalacia, PEM (0.12%). The causes of mortality were: BRD (0.21%), trauma (0.17%), and clostridiosis (0.13%). When all sick cattle were considered (n=13,315), BRD (86.9%) was the principal cause of morbidity, followed by lameness (4.13%), trauma (3.05%), and clostridiosis (1.82%). The cost of BRD-associated cattle mortality and morbidity was estimated at $14,334.00/10,000 and $16,315.40/10,000 respectively. It was projected that the economic effects due to BRD-associated morbidity in Brazil were $6.31 million/annum, while losses due to mortality were $5.54 million, resulting in an annual loss of $11.85 million. Coinfections in cattle with pneumonia due to Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida were identified in 4/5 steers tested. Conclusions: This is the first longitudinal study that investigated the incidence of BRD in feedlot cattle from Brazil, and the results herein described indicate that BRD contributed significantly to the development of mortality and morbidity of cattle on feed.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Bovine respiratory disease complex associated mortality and morbidity rates in feedlot cattle from southeastern Brazil

Baptista

Rezende

Fonseca

et al. 2017

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…Although other groups only investigated and confirmed the participation of BRSV in cattle reared in feedlots (BRASIL et al, 2013) and extensively (DRIEMEIER et al, 1997;FLORES et al, 2000) from diverse regions of Brazil, it is rather likely that other infectious disease pathogens associated with BRD might have been identified if these were investigated. Nevertheless, these results are encouraging since the infectious agents thus far identified in feedlot cattle from Brazil with BRD are similar to agents described in North America (GAGEA et al, 2006;GRIFFIN et al, 2010;FRANCOZ et al, 2015) and Australia (CUSACK et al, 2003), where the economic setbacks of respiratory disease on feedlot cattle is been intensively investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Most studies that have investigated the occurrence of disease pathogens associated with BRD were done predominantly in North America (GAGEA et al, 2006;GRIFFIN et al, 2010;TAYLOR et al, 2010;FRANCOZ et al, 2015) and Australia (CUSACK et al, 2003). Data relative to the occurrence of BRD in Brazil is sparse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BRD is the most important cause of livestock mortality in USA feedlots and is responsible for 16% of the number of non-predator losses to beef cattle (USDA, 2011). Bacterial pathogens frequently associated with BRD include Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni, and Mycoplasma bovis (GAGEA et al, 2006;GRIFFIN et al, 2010;FRANCOZ et al, 2015). Viral agents commonly identified in cattle with BRD are bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine herpesvirus -1 (BoHV-1), bovine parainfluenza virus-3 (BPIV-3), and bovine coronavirus, BoCV (GAGEA et al, 2006;O'NEILL et al, 2014;FRANCOZ et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bovine respiratory disease associated with Histophilus somni and bovine respiratory syncytial virus in a beef cattle feedlot from Southeastern Brazil

Headley

Balbo

Alfieri

et al. 2017

SCA

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Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a complex multifactorial and multi-etiological disease entity that is responsible for the morbidity and mortality particularly in feedlot cattle from North America. Information relative to the occurrence of BRD in Brazil and the associated infectious agents are lacking. This study investigated the participation of infectious agents of BRD in a beef cattle feedlot from Southeastern Brazil. Nasopharyngeal swabs of 11% (10/90) of cattle (n, 450) with clinical manifestations of respiratory distress were analyzed by targeting specific genes of the principal infectious pathogens of BRD. In addition, pulmonary fragments of one the animals that died were collected for histopathological and molecular diagnoses. The nucleic acids of Histophilus somni and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) were identified in 20% (2/10) of the nasopharyngeal swabs of the animals with respiratory distress; another contained only BRSV RNA. Moreover, the nucleic acids of both infectious agents were amplified from the pulmonary fragments of the animal that died with histopathological evidence of bronchopneumonia and interstitial pneumonia; the nasopharyngeal swab of this animal also contained the nucleic acids of both pathogens. Additionally, all PCR and/or RT-PCR assays designed to detect the specific genes of Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Mycoplasma bovis, bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine herpesvirus -1, bovine parainfluenza virus-3, and bovine coronavirus yielded negative results. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that the isolates of H. somni circulating in Brazil are similar to those identified elsewhere, while there seem to be diversity between the isolates of BRSV within cattle herds from different geographical locations of Brazil.

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“…BCoV is the causative agent of diarrhea in newborn calves, winter dysentery in adult cows, and respiratory tract illness in calves and adults . However, some studies have identified numerical but not statistical association between BCoV in fecal or nasal samples and clinical signs . Cases of BCoV enteritis occur in both dairy and beef herds, with clinical signs developing between 5 and 30 days of life and a peak of incidence between days 7 and 10 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Detection of Bovine Coronavirus in Healthy and Diarrheic Dairy Calves

Gómez

Arroyo

Poljak

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background BCoV is identified in both healthy and diarrheic calves, complicating its assessment as a primary pathogen.ObjectivesTo investigate the detection rates of bovine coronavirus (BCoV) in feces of healthy and diarrheic calves and to describe the usefulness of a pancoronavirus reverse transcriptase (RT) PCR (PanCoV‐RT‐PCR) assay to identify BCoV in samples of diarrheic calves.AnimalsTwo hundred and eighty‐six calves <21 days. Calves with liquid or semiliquid feces, temperature >39.5°C, and inappetence were considered as cases, and those that had pasty or firm feces and normal physical examination were designated as controls.MethodsProspective case–control study. A specific BCoV‐RT‐PCR assay was used to detect BCoV in fecal samples. Association between BCoV and health status was evaluated by exact and random effect logistic regression. Fecal (n = 28) and nasal (n = 8) samples from diarrheic calves were tested for the presence of BCoV by both the PanCoV‐RT‐PCR and a specific BCoV‐RT‐PCR assays. A Kappa coefficient test was used to assess the level of agreement of both assays.Results BCoV was detected in 55% (157/286) of calves; 46% (66/143), and 64% (91/143) of healthy and diarrheic calves, respectively. Diarrheic calves had higher odds of BCoV presence than healthy calves (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.26 to 3.83, P = 0.004). A good agreement between PanCoV‐RT‐PCR and BCoV‐RT‐PCR to detect BCoV was identified (κ = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.392 to 0.967; P < 0.001).Conclusions and Clinical Importance BCoV was more likely to be detected in diarrheic than healthy calves. The PanCoV‐RT‐PCR assay can be a useful tool to detect CoV samples from diarrheic calves.

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Respiratory Pathogens in Québec Dairy Calves and Their Relationship with Clinical Status, Lung Consolidation, and Average Daily Gain

Cited by 44 publications

References 24 publications

Bovine respiratory disease complex associated mortality and morbidity rates in feedlot cattle from southeastern Brazil

Bovine respiratory disease complex associated mortality and morbidity rates in feedlot cattle from southeastern Brazil

Bovine respiratory disease associated with Histophilus somni and bovine respiratory syncytial virus in a beef cattle feedlot from Southeastern Brazil

Detection of Bovine Coronavirus in Healthy and Diarrheic Dairy Calves

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