Responding to ash dieback (<i>Hymenoscyphus fraxineus</i>) in the UK: woodland composition and replacement tree species

Broome, Alice; Ray, Duncan; Mitchell, Ruth J.; Harmer, R.

doi:10.1093/forestry/cpy040

Cited by 25 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Instead, recommendations for alternative tree species are mainly based on specific site adaption and thus differ between regions and countries. In Great Britain, the ability of tree species and species mixtures to substitute the ecosystem functions of ash is considered as an additional important criterion [35,101].…”

Section: Management Of Ash Diebackmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of ash ( Fraxinus spp.) and the ash dieback disease in Europe.

Enderle¹,

Stenlid²,

Vasaitis³

2019

CABI Reviews

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Ash dieback, caused by the invasive fungal pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, has become a serious threat to ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) and ash-related ecosystems in Europe. The fast emergence and expansion of this new disease has called for an intensive investigation, which resulted in a large number of research projects in Europe. Recently, as a result of the European cooperation and exchange programme FRAXBACK, numerous reports containing detailed information about the situation of ash dieback in different countries and related research have been published. For this review, we performed a systematic analysis of these country reports. We focussed on differences and similarities between European regions and countries regarding the importance, genetics and resistance of ash, the spread, monitoring, impact and management of the disease and on factors that have an influence on its severity. By including most recent scientific literature, this review provides a concise yet substantial overview about ash and ash dieback in Europe.

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Section: Management Of Ash Diebackmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of ash ( Fraxinus spp.) and the ash dieback disease in Europe.

Enderle¹,

Stenlid²,

Vasaitis³

2019

CABI Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…W OODLANDS and forests have undergone significant changes the last century due to invasive Emerging Infectious Diseases (EIDs) caused by pathogens, pests and fungi [1], [2]. Recent examples include the European beech decline [3], the chestnut blight that almost brought the chestnut trees of North America to an extinction [4], [5] and the dutch elm disease that caused significant damage to the elm forests in central Europe [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent examples include the European beech decline [3], the chestnut blight that almost brought the chestnut trees of North America to an extinction [4], [5] and the dutch elm disease that caused significant damage to the elm forests in central Europe [6]. Clear evidences suggest that modern socioeconomic factors such as accelerating human population [7], international travelling [2], global timber trade [1] and artificial erosion of geographic barriers [2], have largely increased the spreading rate of invasive pathogens [7]. In addition, climate change has raised the global temperature which has further contributed to the spreading of EIDs [2], [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosing Emerging Infectious Diseases of Trees Using Ground Penetrating Radar

Giannakis

Tosti

Lantini

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing

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Ash dieback, acute oak decline (AOD) and Xylella Fastidiosa are Emerging Infectious Diseases (EIDs) that have spread rapidly in European forests during the last decade. Quarantine measurements have mostly failed to repress the outbreaks and millions of trees have already been infected. Identifying infected trees in a non-destructive manner is of high importance for monitoring, managing and preventing EIDs. The aim of this paper is to examine the capabilities of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) on evaluating the internal structure of tree-trunks and detecting tree-decay associated with EIDs. Traditionally used processing schemes tuned for GPR line-acquisitions are modified accordingly to be compatible with the new measurement configurations. In particular, a detection framework is presented based on a modified Kirchhoff and a reverse-time migration. Both of the aforementioned methodologies are compatible with measurements taken along closed irregular curves assuming a homogeneous permittivity distribution. To that extent, prior to migration, a novel focal criterion is used that estimates the bulk permittivity of the host medium from the measured B-Scans. The suggested detection scheme is successfully tested on both numerical and laboratory measurements, indicating that GPR has the potential to become a coherent and practical tool for detecting tree-decay associated with EIDs.

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“…However, human activities have often contributed to alter this balance, dismantling rather frequently the protective geographical barriers of ecosystems and affecting wildlife habitats [3,4]. As a result of anthropic activities, such as human population increases [5], international travel [4], global plant trade [6] and timber trade [7], exotic pathogens and fungi have infested entire regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Ground Penetrating Radar and Microwave Tomography for the Detection of Decay and Cavities in Tree Trunks

et al. 2019

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Aggressive fungal and insect attacks have reached an alarming level, threatening a variety of tree species, such as ash and oak trees, in the United Kingdom and beyond. In this context, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) has proven to be an effective non-invasive tool, capable of generating information about the inner structure of tree trunks in terms of existence, location, and geometry of defects. Nevertheless, it had been observed that the currently available and known GPR-related processing and data interpretation methods and tools are able to provide only limited information regarding the existence of defects and anomalies within the tree inner structure. In this study, we present a microwave tomographic approach for improved GPR data processing with the aim of detecting and characterising the geometry of decay and cavities in trees. The microwave tomographic approach is able to pinpoint explicitly the position of the measurement points on the tree surface and thus to consider the actual geometry of the sections beyond the classical (circular) ones. The robustness of the microwave tomographic approach with respect to noise and data uncertainty is tackled by exploiting a regularised scheme in the inversion process based on the Truncated Singular Value Decomposition (TSVD). A demonstration of the potential of the microwave tomography approach is provided for both simulated data and measurements collected in controlled conditions. First, the performance analysis was carried out by processing simulated data achieved by means of a Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) in three scenarios characterised by different geometric trunk shapes, internal trunk configurations and target dimensions. Finally, the method was validated on a real trunk by proving the viability of the proposed approach in identifying the position of cavities and decay in tree trunks.

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Responding to ash dieback (Hymenoscyphus fraxineus) in the UK: woodland composition and replacement tree species

Cited by 25 publications

References 39 publications

An overview of ash ( Fraxinus spp.) and the ash dieback disease in Europe.

An overview of ash ( Fraxinus spp.) and the ash dieback disease in Europe.

Diagnosing Emerging Infectious Diseases of Trees Using Ground Penetrating Radar

The Use of Ground Penetrating Radar and Microwave Tomography for the Detection of Decay and Cavities in Tree Trunks

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