Response of body size and developmental time of Tribolium castaneum to constant versus fluctuating thermal conditions

Małek, Dariusz; Drobniak, Szymon M.; Gozdek, A.; Pawlik, Katarzyna; Kramarz, Paulina

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2015.04.002

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…From the point of view of quantitative genetics the studied traits were not equally heritable (approximate t test for extreme values in Table 1 : P = 0.04). Estimated heritabilities of development time were in general low and non-significant, which is consistent with our previous study (Malek et al 2015 ) but in contrast to some other studies (see for example Davidowitz et al 2012 ; Prokkola et al 2013 ; Rantala and Roff 2006 ). It is possible that combinations of employed experimental treatments disrupted genetic control over this trait, inflating the environmental/residual fractions of phenotypic variance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…For development time the situation was slightly different: fluctuations lengthened development time at both 35 and 30 °C, but to a visibly smaller degree at the lower temperature. When we compare the data from this study with those from our previous study of T. castaneum that examined temperatures below the thermal optimum (Małek et al 2015 , which for technical reasons used a different strain of T. castaneum ), we find results that are consistent with this theory. In our previous study, thermal fluctuations hastened development and increased body mass compared to constant conditions at temperatures below the thermal optimum (25 °C in Małek et al 2015 ) and, at optimal conditions, had effects similar to those presented here.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…When we compare the data from this study with those from our previous study of T. castaneum that examined temperatures below the thermal optimum (Małek et al 2015 , which for technical reasons used a different strain of T. castaneum ), we find results that are consistent with this theory. In our previous study, thermal fluctuations hastened development and increased body mass compared to constant conditions at temperatures below the thermal optimum (25 °C in Małek et al 2015 ) and, at optimal conditions, had effects similar to those presented here. We suggest that the reason for the incongruences observed between development time and body mass may be that the optimal temperature for the former is in fact different than that for the latter.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Such habitats are characterized by daily and seasonal temperature fluctuations (Campbell et al 2010 ). To our knowledge, the only data on the influence of thermal variability on the development and body mass of T. castaneum come from our previous study (which for technical reasons used a different strain of this species), in which we found that thermal fluctuations hastened development and increased body mass compared to constant conditions in treatments with mean temperatures below the thermal optimum (25 °C; Małek et al 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Response of Development and Body Mass to Daily Temperature Fluctuations: a Study on Tribolium castaneum

et al. 2016

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Differences in thermal regimes are of paramount importance in insect development. However, experiments that examine trait development under constant temperature conditions may yield less evolutionarily relevant results than those that take naturally occurring temperature fluctuations into account. We investigated the effect of different temperature regimes (constant 30 °C, constant 35 °C, fluctuating with a daily mean of 30 °C, or fluctuating with a daily mean of 35 °C) on sex-specific development time and body mass in Tribolium castaneum. Using a half-sib breeding design, we also examined whether there is any evidence for genotype-by-environment interactions (GEI) for the studied traits. In response to fluctuating temperature regimes, beetles demonstrated reaction norm patterns in which thermal fluctuations influenced traits negatively above the species’ thermal optimum but had little to no effect close to the thermal optimum. Estimated heritabilities of development time were in general low and non-significant. In case of body mass of pupae and adults, despite significant genetic variance, we did not find any GEI due to crossing of reaction norms, both between temperatures and between variability treatments. We have observed a weak tendency towards higher heritabilities of adult and pupa body mass in optimal fluctuating thermal conditions. Thus, we have not found any biasing effect of stable thermal conditions as compared to fluctuating temperatures on the breeding values of heritable body-size traits. Contrary to this we have observed a strong population-wide effect of thermal fluctuations, indicated by the significant temperature-fluctuations interaction in both adult and pupa mass.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11692-016-9375-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Response of Development and Body Mass to Daily Temperature Fluctuations: a Study on Tribolium castaneum

et al. 2016

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“…Overall, our results suggest that fluctuating temperatures may not have observable effects on insects during early stages of development. However, a growing body of literature examining the effects of increased thermal variation have found relationships between fluctuating temperature and life-history traits and performance such as development time (Kingsolver et al 2009), phenotype (Pétavy et al 2004;Małek et al 2015), survival (Ragland and Kingsolver 2008), and fitness (Estay et al 2011). This suggests, and other work has shown, that the effects of increased thermal variation are cumulative and may have consequences at later lifehistory stages.…”

Section: The Effects Of Temperature On Inter-and Intra-specific Egg Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of environmental warming during early life history on libellulid odonates

2017

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Climate warming affects ectotherms globally, yet we know little regarding the variability in species' responses to warming, particularly in early life stages. Additionally, intraspecific variation in response to warming is understudied but may determine species' resilience to warming. To assess how temperature affects egg development rate in co-occurring dragonfly species, we manipulated temperature (range: 22-31°C) and measured time to hatching. Warming decreased egg development time across all species, indicating that while climate warming will advance hatching phenology, maintained synchrony in hatching order will likely not affect species interactions. Our second experiment examined early life-history responses to warming in the dot-tailed whiteface (Leucorrhinia intacta (Hagen, 1861)) dragonfly. We measured time to hatching, hatchling size, growth rate, and survival at four temperatures (23-30°C), including a treatment with increased thermal variation. Warming resulted in smaller hatchlings with increased growth and mortality rates, whereas higher thermal variation did not have effects different from those of warming alone. We observed significant intraspecific variation in the responses to warming in both egg development time and hatchling size and this variation was correlated with date of oviposition. High levels of intraspecific variation may be important in buffering populations from the effects of climate warming.Key words: body size, climate change, development, ectotherm, life history, Odonata, survival. Résumé :Si le réchauffement climatique a une incidence sur les organismes ectothermes en général, les connaissances sur la variabilité des réactions des espèces au réchauffement sont limitées, particulièrement pour les premières étapes du cycle de vie. Les variations intraspécifiques de la réaction au réchauffement sont également sous-étudiées même si elles pourraient déter-miner la résilience des espèces au réchauffement. Pour évaluer l'influence de la température sur le taux de développement des oeufs chez des espèces de libellules cooccurrentes, nous avons manipulé la température (fourchette : 22 à 31°C) et mesuré la durée d'incubation. Le réchauffement réduisait la durée de développement des oeufs pour toutes les espèces, ce qui indique que, si le réchauffement climatique accélérera la phénologie de l'éclosion, le maintien du synchronisme de l'ordre d'éclosion n'aura vraisemblablement pas d'incidence sur les interactions entre espèces. Notre deuxième expérience se penchait sur les réactions au réchauffement durant les premières étapes du cycle de vie de la leucorrhine mouchetée (Leucorrhinia intacta (Hagen, 1861)). Nous avons mesuré la durée d'incubation, la taille des bébés nouvellement éclos, le taux de croissance et la survie à quatre températures (de 23 à 30°C), incluant un traitement comprenant des variations de température accrues. Le réchauffement produisait des bébés plus petits présentant des taux de croissance et de mortalité accrus, alors que l'augmentation des variations de...

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Heat waves affect prey and predators differently via developmental plasticity: who may benefit most from global warming?

Tscholl

Nachman

Spangl

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Climate warming is considered to affect the characteristics of heat waves by increasing their duration, frequency and intensity, which can have dramatic consequences for ectothermic arthropods. However, arthropods may respond to heat waves via plastic modifications, which could differently affect a predator and its prey. We examined this assumption using prominent counterparts in biological control, the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis and its prey, the spider mite Tetranychus urticae. Individuals of both species were separately exposed to mild and extreme heat waves during their juvenile development.RESULTS: Both species developed faster during extreme heat waves, but the proportional increase of the developmental rates was higher in the prey. Independent of sex, P. persimilis reached smaller size at maturity under extreme heat waves, whereas the body size modifications were sex-dependent in T. urticae: males became smaller, but females were able to maintain their size.CONCLUSIONS: An accelerated development may result in the reduction of the exposure time of susceptible juvenile stages to heat waves and prey stages to predators. Plastic size adjustments caused a shift in the female predator-prey body size ratio in favor of the prey, which may lead to higher heat resistance and reduced predation risk for prey females under extreme heat waves. In conclusion, our findings indicate that species-specific shifts in age and size at maturity may result in lower suppression efficacy of the predator P. persimilis against its prey T. urticae with severe consequences for biological control of spider mites, if global warming continues.

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Response of body size and developmental time of Tribolium castaneum to constant versus fluctuating thermal conditions

Cited by 10 publications

References 62 publications

Response of Development and Body Mass to Daily Temperature Fluctuations: a Study on Tribolium castaneum

Response of Development and Body Mass to Daily Temperature Fluctuations: a Study on Tribolium castaneum

Effects of environmental warming during early life history on libellulid odonates

Heat waves affect prey and predators differently via developmental plasticity: who may benefit most from global warming?

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