Response of dorper and red Maasai lambs to trickle Haemonchus contortus infections

Mugambi, J. M.; Wanyangu, S.W.; Bain, R.K.; Owango, M.O.; Duncan, J.L.; Stear, M. J.

doi:10.1016/s0034-5288(96)90066-1

Cited by 40 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The natural ingestion of larvae is performed gradually; thus, results generated from massive single infections probably do not reflect the pattern of a natural infection (Mugambi et al 1996). On the other hand, when a natural infection is used, the number of ingested larvae cannot be controlled, probably due to the individual behaviour of the animals that feed in pastures; the time of infection cannot be determined, and consequently, the results may be a combination of events over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation of parasitological and immunological parameters in sheep with high and low resistance to haemonchosis

Muñoz-Guzmán¹,

Cuéllar-Ordaz²,

Valdivia-Anda³

et al. 2006

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Correlation of parasitological immunological parameters in sheep with high and low resistance to haemonchosis. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 86: 363-371. Parasitological and immunological parameters of Blackbelly (Bb), a haemonchosis high-resistance sheep breed, and Columbia (Cb) a haemonchosis low-resistance breed were compared. Two experiments were performed: Bb and Cb lambs were infected weekly with 1000 third-stage larvae (L3) of Haemonchus contortus for 6 wk. In the first experiment, faecal egg counts (FEC) and blood eosinophils (BE) were determined for 15 wk. In the second experiment, the following parameters were measured weekly: FEC, plasma proteins, serum IgG to H. contortus L3 levels by ELISA and L3 antigens recognized by Western blot; animals were euthanized after 15 weeks and autopsies were performed to evaluate the total adult phases (AP), eosinophils and mast cells in the fundic abomasal region (FAR), pyloric abomasal region (PAR) and abomasal lymph node (ALN).Fecal egg counts and AP were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in Cb lambs. BE showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in both breeds at week 9 and, subsequently, Cb lambs presented a sudden decrease in these levels. The Bb lambs revealed a higher amount (P < 0.05) of antibodies between weeks 9 and 15 of the experiment, and Cb lambs showed a reduction in antibody levels at week 9. The Western blot revealed 11 bands of H. contortus L3 antigens; no differences were observed between breeds. The number of tissue eosinophils per cm 2 in PAR and ALN was higher (P < 0.05) in the Bb lambs. No differences were found (P > 0.05) in the number of mast cells per cm 2 in the sampled regions of both infected groups. The increase and maintenance of serum antibodies and circulating and local eosinophils in resistant animals agrees with the development and maintenance of a Th 2 type immune response. The initial increase and further reduction of serum antibodies and circulating and local eosinophils in the low-resistance lamb breed suggest an initial Th 2 type response and a subsequent change to a Th 1 type response. Les animaux ont été sacrifiés au bout de 15 semaines et on a pratiqué une autopsie pour évaluer le nombre total de phases adultes du parasite (PA), d'éosinophiles et de mastocytes dans la région gastrique (RG), la région pylorique (RPC) et les ganglions lymphatiques (GL) de la caillette. Le nombre d'oeufs et de PA dans les fèces était significativement plus élevé (P < 0,05) chez les agneaux Cb. Les auteurs ont relevé une hausse significative (P < 0,05) du NES chez les deux races la neuvième semaine; par la suite, cette concentration baissait subitement chez les agneaux Cb. Les agneaux Bb présentaient une concentration plus élevée (P < 0,05) d'anticorps entre la 9 e et la 15 e semaine de l'expérience alors que cette concentration était plus basse chez les agneaux Cb, la neuvième semaine. Le transfert de Western révèle 11 bandes pour les antigènes des L3 de H. contortus; aucune variation n'a été relevée à cet égard entre les deux races. Les agneaux Bb présentaie...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ten Bb lambs and 10 Cb lambs were infected with six weekly doses of 1000 H. contortus L3, given by stomach tube (Mugambi et al 1996). Faeces and blood samples with anticoagulant (EDTA) were collected for 14 wk.…”

Section: Design Of Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of parasitological and immunological parameters in sheep with high and low resistance to haemonchosis

Muñoz-Guzmán¹,

Cuéllar-Ordaz²,

Valdivia-Anda³

et al. 2006

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…Bricarello et al (2004) showed that susceptible Corriedale sheep had greater parasite burdens that resulted in hypoproteinaemia and hypoalbuminaemia, whereas Crioula animals (relatively resistant) showed only a slight decrease in the total serum protein and albumin concentrations. Mugambi et al (1996) and Amarante et al (1999a) also observed significant differences in the total serum protein concentrations when they compared sheep breeds for resistance to haemonchosis.…”

Section: Biochemical Parametersmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…PCV has also been reported to be slightly higher in resistance than susceptible breeds but it is not true for all the cases . Resistant breeds such as St. Croix, Florida Native, Red Maasai, Gulf coast Native and Crioula have also demonstrated higher levels of PCV when infected with H. contortus than susceptible sheep breeds (Zajac et al, 1990;Mugambi et al, 1996;Amarante et al, 1999a;Li et al, 2001;Bricarello et al, 2004). In addition, it has also been reported that single-born lambs have a higher PCV percentage than multiple-born lambs and also lambs from first-parity dams have a lower PCV than those from later parities ).…”

Section: Haematological Parametersmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Another limitation of this parameter is that in mixed infection, several trichostrongyle species are involved and eggs of these species cannot be distinguished morphologically. They also differ in fecundity, seasonality, Evaluation of resistance status of small ruminants Preston and Allonby, 1978;Barger, 1984;Zajac et al, 1988;Douch et al, 1995;Mugambi et al, 1996;Wanyangu et al, 1997;Miller et al, 1998;Haile et al, 2002;Matika et al, 2003;Vanimisetti et al, 2004;Amarante et al, 2005;Miller et al, 2006;Burke and Miller, 2008;Kemper et al, 2009 andHurtado et al, 2010;Saddiqi et al, 2010a and2010b. Packed cell volume Hoffman, 1981;Barger, 1984;Zajac et al, 1990;Gray et al, 1992;Mugambi et al, 1996 and2005;Wanyangu et al, 1997;Miller et al, 1998 andAmarante et al, 1999a;Notter et al, 2003;Bricarello et al, 2004 andGonzalez et al, 2008;Chiejina et al, 2010;Saddiqi et al, 2010a and2010b.…”

Section: Fecmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Markers/parameters for the evaluation of natural resistance status of small ruminants against gastrointestinal nematodes

Saddiqi¹,

Sarwar

Iqbal

et al. 2012

Animal

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The high prevalence of anthelmintic-resistant gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) throughout the world has led to the need for alternative worm control strategies. One of the possible substitutes to reduce the problems of drug resistance and residue is the evaluation/breeding of small ruminants for greater resistance to the GINs (organically produced), which in turn would be a helpful tool to predict the performance of an animal. At present, the existing diversity in the genetic potential to resist/tolerate GINs infection both within and between breeds has been validated. Successful selection of animals to define the genotype and identified resistance is related to the employed markers. A number of phenotypic traits such as faecal egg count (FEC), worm burden, serum antibodies, peripheral eosinophilia, packed cell volume, live weight, serum protein and albumin concentrations have been used for this purpose both in natural and artificial infections. Relatively resistant/tolerant animals have also been found to have mastocytosis, globule leucocytes, high levels of histamine and immunoglobulin (Ig) A and IgE concentrations. Of these traits, the principal and most practical measurement used to assess resistance status in animals undergoing similar parasite challenges is FEC. FEC has a positive/negative correlation with other biochemical, cellular and immunological parameters; however, the reliability of individual trial is often questioned and valuable information regarding the genetic makeup can be obtained from pooled data of a large number of trials and parameters. This paper covers all the aspects reported in the literature on various parameters considered to evaluate the resistance status of a range of small ruminant breeds.

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Small ruminant resistance against gastrointestinal nematodes: a case of Haemonchus contortus

et al. 2011

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Gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections are a common constraint to small ruminant industry throughout the world, and among those, haemonchosis has its own significance. Control of GIN primarily relies on the use of anthelmintics, but this approach has become less reliable due to the development of resistance in GINs against commonly used anthelmintics and an increased consumer demand for environmentally friendly animal products. These issues have stimulated investigations to find alternative sustainable control strategies, which are less reliant on anthelmintic input. One of such strategies is breeding of small ruminants for their resistance to the GINs. The susceptibility and resistance of animals to GIN infections varies within and between breeds. Various parasitological, biochemical and immunological parameters are employed to evaluate natural resistance status of animals both in natural pasture and artificial infections. The immune mechanisms responsible for resistance are not completely understood, but it has a significant effect in inherited resistance. Relatively resistant or tolerant animals show better local and generalised immune response as compared to susceptible. Immune response against GINs is influenced by many physiological factors. Determination of specific genes linked with host resistance will provide a valuable approach to find out the molecular mechanism of host resistance to GINs. Resistance has been reported to reduce pasture contamination, which in turn reduces re-infection and thus the requirement of the frequent anthelmintic treatments. The efficiency of control can be increased through objective and accurate identification of genetically tolerant individuals by natural and artificial infections with GINs. Complete resistance is the ultimate solution, but this has generally been ignored as a commercial reality. This paper reviews the published reports on natural resistance in small ruminants and discusses the prospects of developing small ruminants, which could be resistant to GINs.

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Response of dorper and red Maasai lambs to trickle Haemonchus contortus infections

Cited by 40 publications

References 10 publications

Correlation of parasitological and immunological parameters in sheep with high and low resistance to haemonchosis

Correlation of parasitological and immunological parameters in sheep with high and low resistance to haemonchosis

Markers/parameters for the evaluation of natural resistance status of small ruminants against gastrointestinal nematodes

Small ruminant resistance against gastrointestinal nematodes: a case of Haemonchus contortus

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